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A Systematic Review of Techniques Employed for Determining Mental Health Using Social Media in Psychological Surveillance During Disasters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2019

Dhivya Karmegam ,
Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy  and
Bagavandas Mappillairajan
Dhivya Karmegam*
Affiliation:
Research Scholar, School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai
Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai
Bagavandas Mappillairajan
Affiliation:
Professor, Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Dhivya Karmegam, Research Scholar, School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203 (e-mail: dhivya_karmegam@srmuniv.edu.in).
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Abstract

During disasters, people share their thoughts and emotions on social media and also provide information about the event. Mining the social media messages and updates can be helpful in understanding the emotional state of people during such unforeseen events as they are real-time data. The objective of this review is to explore the feasibility of using social media data for mental health surveillance as well as the techniques used for determining mental health using social media data during disasters. PubMed, PsycINFO, and PsycARTICLES databases were searched from 2009 to November 2018 for primary research studies. After screening and analyzing the records, 18 studies were included in this review. Twitter was the widely researched social media platform for understanding the mental health of people during a disaster. Psychological surveillance was done by identifying the sentiments expressed by people or the emotions they displayed in their social media posts. Classification of sentiments and emotions were done using lexicon-based or machine learning methods. It is not possible to conclude that a particular technique is the best performing one, because the performance of any method depends upon factors such as the disaster size, the volume of data, disaster setting, and the disaster web environment.

Keywords

disastersmental healthemotionpsychological surveillancesocial media
Type
Systematic Review
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 265 - 272
Copyright
© 2019 Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.

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