Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wpx84 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-16T18:20:42.141Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Development of Patient Evacuation Resource Classification System (PERC) Using Systems Engineering to Assist Hospital Evacuations in a Disaster

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 May 2020

Gustavo M. Ventura*
Affiliation:
George Washington University, Washington, DC
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Gustavo M. Ventura, 1336 Fairmont Street NW, Washington, DC20009 (e-mail: venturag@gwu.edu).

Abstract

The aim of this study was the development of a decision-support tool capable of identifying the most appropriate transportation and local area coalition bed space (resources) for patient evacuations during a crisis. Introduction of the new concept of dichotomous tables and how they are incorporated into the Patient Evacuation Resource Classification (PERC) system. The methods used were Systems Engineering fundamentals to conduct a requirements analysis of the process, develop a new construct guided by functional analysis, design an evidence-based model that accurately identifies patient resource requirements translatable to resource capabilities, and create a prototype for a proof of concept. Research resulted in the PERC system prototype. The PERC system prototype created by this research allows for system testing under a Solomon four-group design simulation with the participation of leading medical, emergency response, academic, consulting industry, and logistics professionals from the Washington, DC, metropolitan area.

Type
Concepts in Disaster Medicine
Copyright
© 2020 Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ventura, GM. Patient Evacuation Resource Classification System (PERCS) for residential healthcare facilities [PhD thesis].Washington, DC: George Washington University; 2017:1, 2, 5, 69, 70, 71, 75, 130, 131-133, 138, 145-154.Google Scholar
Sutcliffe, KM, Lewton, E, Rosenthal, MM. Communication failures: an insidious contributor to medical mishaps. Acad Med. 2004;79(2):186194.10.1097/00001888-200402000-00019CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bovender, JO, Carey, B. A week we don’t want to forget: lessons learned from Tulane. Front Health Serv Manage. 2006;23(1):312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taaffe, K, Johnson, M, Steinmann, D. Improving hospital evacuation planning using simulation. In: Proceedings of the 2006 Winter Simulation Conference, Monterey, CA, Winter Simulation Conference Foundation, 2006:509-515.10.1109/WSC.2006.323123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiner, E, Slepski, LA. The role of technology and informatics in disaster planning and response. Ann Rev Nurs Res. 2012;30(1):149168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rothman, RE, Hsu, EB, Kahn, CA, et al. Research priorities for surge capacity. Soc Acad Emerg Med. 2006;13(11):11601168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glick, R, Bish, DR, Agca, E. Optimization-based decision support to assist in logistics planning for hospital evacuation. J Emerg Manag. 2013;11(4):261270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tayfur, E, Taaffe, K. A model for allocating resources during hospital evacuations. Comp Ind Eng. 2009;57(4):13131323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bish, DR, Agca, E, Glick, R. Decision support for hospital evacuation and emergency response. Ann Oper Res. 2011;221:89106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rozenfeld, RA, Reynolds, SL, Ewing, S, et al. Development of an evacuation tool to facilitate disaster preparedness: use in a planned evacuation to support a hospital move. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2017;11(4):479486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, A, Taylor, K, Cohen, RS. Triage by resource allocation for inpatients: a novel disaster triage tool for hospitalized pediatric patients. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2018;12(6):692696.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moher, D, Shamseer, L, Clarke, M, et al. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). Syst Rev. 2015;4(1):19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Department of Defense Systems Management College. Systems Engineering Fundamentals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Acquisition University Press; 2001:45-46.Google Scholar
Hoare, CA. (2007). CAR Hoare Lectures. Retrieved from: The emperor’s old clothes. https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1283920.1283936. Accessed April 26, 2020.Google Scholar
Higdon, MA, Shin, P, Stoto, MA. Baseline Evaluation of the DC Emergency Healthcare Coalition. Washington, DC: George Washington University Medical Center; 2008.Google Scholar
DC EHC. Healthcare Facility Evacuation Incident Specific Annex. Washington, DC: DC Emergency Healthcare Coalition; 2012. https://files.asprtracie.hhs.gov/documents/01-dcehc-eop-baseplan-62014-508.pdf. Accessed April 26, 2020.Google Scholar
Santos, G, Aguirre, BE. Preliminary Paper #339: A Critical Review of Emergency Evacuation Simulation Models. 2004. Wilmington, DE: University of Delaware Disaster Research Center. http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/299. Accessed April 26, 2020.Google Scholar
Thompson, PA, Wu, J, Marchant, EW. Modelling evacuation in multi-story buildings with Simulex. Fire Eng J. 1996;56:711.Google Scholar
Vogt, BM. A Study of the Characteristics Affecting Organizational Behavior of Nursing Homes and Related Home Care Facilities During Emergency Evacuations [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Knoxville: University of Tennessee; 1988.Google Scholar
Styron, H. (2006, August 16). Disabled and Disasters. Retrieved from New Standard News.Google Scholar
Carey, B. Leave No One Behind. Nashville, TN: Clearbrook Press; 2006.Google Scholar
Schultz, CH, Koenig, KL, Auf der Heide, E, et al. Benchmarking for hospital evacuation: a critical data collection tool. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2005;20(5):331342.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cocanour, CS, Allen, SJ, Mazabob, J, et al. Lessons learned from the evacuation of an urban teaching hospital. J Am Med Assoc Surg. 2002;137(10):11411145.Google ScholarPubMed
Fink, S. The Deadly Choices at Memorial. New York Times Magazine. 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/30/magazine/30doctors.html?pagewanted=all&. Accessed April 29, 2020.Google Scholar
Childers, AK, Taaffe, KM. Healthcare facility evacuations: lessons learned, research acitivity, and the need for engineering contributions. J Healthc Eng. 2010;1(1):125140.10.1260/2040-2295.1.1.125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultz, CH, Koenig, KL, Lewis, RJ. Implications of hospital evacuation after the Northridge, California, earthquake. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(14):13491355.10.1056/NEJMsa021807CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schechter, S, DeSimone, A, Franqui, M, et al. Hurricane Sandy Nassau County New York. NCR Healthcare Facilities Evacuation Conference. Crystal City, VA, 2013.Google Scholar
Nates, JL. Combined external and internal hospital disaster: Impact and response in a Houston trauma center intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine. 2004;32(3):686690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stibal, M. Memorial Healthcare System: Hurricane Wilma. DCHC Evacuation Forum - Gallaudet University. Washington, DC; 2010.Google Scholar
FEMA and HHS. Equipment for Ground Ambulances in Federal EMS Response. Washington, DC: AMR; 2015.Google Scholar
FEMA and HHS. Ground Ambulance & Paratransit Utilization Guide. Washington, DC: AMR; 2013.Google Scholar