Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-q6k6v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T03:55:40.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Theory and Metrics of Community Resilience: A Systematic Literature Review Based on Public Health Guidelines

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2017

Lucila M. Zamboni Open the ORCID record for Lucila M. Zamboni [Opens in a new window]
Lucila M. Zamboni*
Affiliation:
Rockefeller College of Public Affairs and Policy, University at Albany – State University of New York
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Lucila M. Zamboni, University at Albany, Milne Hall, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (e-mail: lzamboni@albany.edu).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A systematic literature review on quantitative methods to assess community resilience was conducted following Institute of Medicine and Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute standards. Community resilience is the ability of a community to bounce back or return to normal after a disaster strikes, yet there is no agreement on what this actually means. All studies reviewed addressed natural disasters, but the methodological approaches can be applied to technological disasters, epidemics, and terrorist attacks. Theoretical frameworks consider the association between vulnerability, resilience, and preparedness, yet these associations vary across frameworks. Because of this complexity, indexes based on composite indicators are the predominant methodological tool used to assess community resilience. Indexes identify similar dimensions but observe resilience at both the individual and geographical levels, reflecting a lack of agreement on what constitutes a community. A consistent, cross-disciplinary metric for community resilience would allow for identifying areas to apply short-term versus long-term interventions. A comparable metric for assessing geographic units in multiple levels and dimensions is an opportunity to identify regional strengths and weaknesses, develop timely targeted policy interventions, improve policy evaluation instruments, and grant allocation formulas design. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:756–763)

Keywords

resiliencedisastercommunitypolicy evaluation
Type
Systematic Review
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 11 , Issue 6 , December 2017 , pp. 756 - 763
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Sherrieb, K, Norris, FH, Galea, S. Measuring capacities for community resilience. Soc Indic Res. 2010;99(2):227-247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9576-9.Google Scholar
2. Ablah, E, Konda, KS, Konda, K, et al. Emergency preparedness training and response among community health centers and local health departments: results from a multi-state survey. J Community Health. 2010;35(3):285-293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-010-9236-7.Google Scholar
3. Homeland Security Act of 2002. Publ L No. 107-296, 116 Stat 2135.Google Scholar
4. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Whole Community. FEMA website. https://www.fema.gov/national-preparedness/whole-community. Accessed January 8, 2015.Google Scholar
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Whole Community Program. Building a Learning Community and Body of Knowledge by Implementing “Whole Community” Approach to Emergency Management. CDC website. http://www.cdc.gov/phpr/whole_community_program.html. Accessed January 27, 2015.Google Scholar
6. Department of Homeland Security. The 2014 Quadrennial Homeland Security Review. https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/2014-qhsr-final-508.pdf. Published June 18, 2014. Accessed May 19, 2017.Google Scholar
7. Ainuddin, S, Routray, JK. Earthquake hazards and community resilience in Baluchistan. Nat Hazards. 2012;63(2):909-937. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0201-x.Google Scholar
8. Boon, HJ, Cottrell, A, King, D, et al. Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory for modelling community resilience to natural disasters. Nat Hazards. 2012;60(2):381-408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-0021-4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Boon, HJ. Disaster resilience in a flood-impacted rural Australian town. Nat Hazards. 2014;71(1):683-701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0935-0.Google Scholar
10. Ayyub, BM. Systems resilience for multihazard environments: definition, metrics, and valuation for decision making. Risk Anal. 2014;34(2):340-355. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12093.Google Scholar
11. Chandra, A, Williams, M, Plough, A, et al. Getting actionable about community resilience: the Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience Project. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(7):1181-1189. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301270.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Cohen, O, Leykin, D, Lahad, M, et al. The conjoint community resiliency assessment measure as a baseline for profiling and predicting community resilience for emergencies. Technol Forecast Soc Change. 2013;80(9):1732-1741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2012.12.009.Google Scholar
13. Cutter, SL, Emrich, CT. Moral hazard, social catastrophe: the changing face of vulnerability along the hurricane coasts. Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2006;604(1):102-112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716205285515.Google Scholar
14. Cutter, SL, Burton, CG, Emrich, CT. Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions. Journal of Homeland Security and Management. 2010;7(1).Google Scholar
15. Cutter, SL, Barnes, L, Berry, M, et al. A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters. Glob Environ Change. 2008;18(4):598-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013.Google Scholar
16. Frazier, TG, Thompson, CM, Dezzani, RJ, et al. Spatial and temporal quantification of resilience at the community scale. Appl Geogr. 2013;42:95-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.05.004.Google Scholar
17. Menoni, S, Molinari, D, Parker, D, et al. Assessing multifaceted vulnerability and resilience in order to design risk-mitigation strategies. Nat Hazards. 2012;64(3):2057-2082. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0134-4.Google Scholar
18. Orencio, PM, Fujii, M. A localized disaster-resilience index to assess coastal communities based on an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2013;3:62-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2012.11.006.Google Scholar
19. Prashar, S, Shaw, R, Takeuchi, Y. Assessing the resilience of Delhi to climate-related disasters: a comprehensive approach. Nat Hazards. 2012;64(2):1609-1624. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0320-4.Google Scholar
20. Norris, FH, Stevens, SP, Pfefferbaum, B, et al. Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. Am J Community Psychol. 2008;41(1-2):127-150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6.Google Scholar
21. Kun, KE, Rose, DA, Morris, T, et al. Conceptualizing and measuring community preparedness within public health preparedness and response: complexities and lessons learned. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2014;20(4):E1-E5. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182a5bbcc.Google Scholar
22. Rose, A, Krausmann, E. An economic framework for the development of a resilience index for business recovery. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2013;5:73-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2013.08.003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Kellermann, AL, Peleg, K. Lessons from Boston. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(21):1956-1957. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1305304.Google Scholar
24. Institute of Medicine. Finding What Works in Health Care - Standards for Systematic Reviews. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2011.Google Scholar
25. Jacob, S, Weeks, P, Blount, B, et al. Development and evaluation of social indicators of vulnerability and resiliency for fishing communities in the Gulf of Mexico. Mar Policy. 2013;37:86-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2012.04.014.Google Scholar
26. Pfefferbaum, R, Neas, B, Pfefferbaum, B, et al. The Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART): development of a survey instrument to assess community resilience. Int J Emerg Ment Health. 2012;15(1):15-29.Google Scholar
27. Zukowski, RS. The impact of adaptive capacity on disaster response and recovery: evidence supporting core community capabilities. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(4):380-387.Google Scholar
28. Johnson, LE, Clará, W, Gambhir, M, et al. Improvements in pandemic preparedness in 8 Central American countries, 2008-2012. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14(1):209. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-14-209.Google Scholar
29. Tang, Z-H. Building climate-resilient cities: examining climate change actions and hazard vulnerability in US coast. Journal of US-China Public Administration. 2010;7(8):25-29 50.Google Scholar
30. Mayunga, JS. Understanding and Applying the Concept of Community Disaster Resilience: A capital-based approach. Presented at: Summer Academy for Social Vulnerability and Resilience Building; July 22-24, 2007; Munich, Germany.Google Scholar
31. Cutter, SL, Finch, C. Temporal and spatial changes in social vulnerability to natural hazards. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105(7):2301-2306. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0710375105.Google Scholar
32. Cumming, G, Barnes, G, Perz, S, et al. An exploratory framework for the empirical measurement of resilience. Ecosystems (N Y). 2005;8(8):975-987. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-005-0129-z.Google Scholar
33. Bruneau, M, Chang, SE, Eguchi, RT, et al. A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities. Earthq Spectra. 2003;19(4):733-752. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1623497.Google Scholar
34. Cutter, SL, Boruff, BJ, Shirley, WL. Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Social Science Quarterly. 2003;84(2):242-261.Google Scholar
35. Esnard, A-M, Sapat, A, Mitsova, D. An index of relative displacement risk to hurricanes. Nat Hazards. 2011;59(2):833-859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9799-3.Google Scholar
36. United States Census Bureau. About the American Housing Survey. http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/ahs/about.html. Accessed December 1, 2015, 2015.Google Scholar