A modem re-assessment is given of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the 8(-9) annual taxa within the mainly Mediterranean/SW Asiatic Bromus L. sect. Genea Dum. (Poaceae): B. diandrus Roth var. diandrus, B. diandrus var. rigidus Roth, B. fasciculatus Presl, B. madritensis L., B. rubens L., B. sterilis L., B. tectorum L. subsp. tectorum and B. tectorum subsp. lucidus Sales; less emphasis is given to B. madritensis and B. rubens. None of these taxa has previously been investigated throughout their total areas and the taxonomic conclusions expressed here are a result of a multidisciplinary approach. For reasons of convenience the species are considered in three informal groups based on overall similarities: i, B. sterilis, B. diandrus and B. rigidus, so often recognized as independent species in recent Floras but here regarded as varieties of one species; ii, B. madritensis, B. rubens and B. fasciculatus, with particular attention given to B. fasciculatus; and iii, B. tectorum subsp. tectorum and subsp. lucidus, previously regarded as independent species.

Three new species and one new subspecies of Labiatae are described from the eastern Himalayan mountains: Isodon atroruber R. A. Clement, Anisochilus mitis R. A. Clement, Teucrium grandifolium R. A. Clement and Phlomis rotata Hook. f. subsp. bhutanica R. A. Clement. The new combination Marmoritis pharica (Prain) R. A. Clement is made.

The following new taxa, combinations and synonymy in the genus Kobresia from E Himalaya and SW China are proposed: K. pseuduncinoides Noltie sp. nov.; K. woodii Noltie sp. nov.; K. esenbeckii (Kunth) Noltie comb. nov. of which K. seticulmis Boeckeler, K. hookeri Boeckeler, K. angusta C.B. Clarke and the illegitimate K. trinervis Boeckeler become synonyms; K. esenbeckii var. fissiglumis (C.B. Clarke) Noltie comb. nov.; K. prattii C.B. Clarke and K. harrysmithü Kük. are reduced to synonymy of K. vidua (Boott ex C.B. Clarke) Kük.; K. williamsii is reduced to synonymy of K. gammiei; K. curvata is reduced to synonymy of K. fragilis; K. stiebrilziana is reported new to Bhutan and Sikkim and K. curticeps and K. gammiei new to Bhutan. Notes on K. nepalensis, K. vaginosa, K. vidua, K. gammiei and K. cercostachys are given. Observations on apparent dioecy and distribution of sex within the species K. esenbeckii, K. vidua, K. vaginosa and K. curticeps are reported.

Lloydia himalensis is confirmed as being synonymous with L. serotina; L. yunnanensis is reported for the first time from the E Himalaya; L. delicatula Noltie sp. nov. is described; L. mairei and L. serotina var. parva are discussed.

The new species Heterosmilax longiflora (Smilacaceae) belonging to section Polyandrae and known only from the male plant from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated.

The genus Ciminalis Adans. is being revised from Pakistan and Kashmir. The present investigation has revealed the presence of one new species: C. ballistanica Omer. Three specific combinations are made: C. harwanensis (G. Singh) Omer; C. karelinii (Griseb.) Omer and C. capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Omer and two infraspecific combinations are made: C. capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Omer var. strobiliformis (Clarke) Omer and C. capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Omer var. andersonii (Clarke) Omer. A key to the taxa, geographical distribution, specimens examined and notes on typification are also provided.

Flueggea anatolica Gemici (Euphorbiaceae) is illustrated and described from S Anatolia. It is a deciduous unarmed shrub, related to F. virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt, but has an undivided pistillode, up to 13 staminate flowers per glomerule, and pistillate flowers in groups of (1−)2–3. This is the first record of the genus Flueggea from Anatolia. F. anatolica has an isolated position within the genus and is considered to be a Tertiary relict.

Pulicaria hadramautica Gamal-Eldin & Boulos (Asteraceae, Inuleae), a new species belonging to sect. Platychaete is described and illustrated from S Sayun, Republic of Yemen.

Populations of a rare species of Lalhyrus (Vicieae, Leguminosae), Lathyrus hirticarpus Mattatia & Heyn were located in Tartous province, Western Syria. A description and discussion of the relationship between this and allied species from Lathyrus L. sect. Lathyrus are provided.

Thesmophora scopulosa Rourke (Stilbaceae) a monotypic genus endemic to the Ceres mountains, South Western Cape Province, South Africa, is described. It is characterized particularly by its pendulous ovules and 4-lobed corolla.

Phyllopodium Benth. subgen. Leiospermum Hilliard is newly described; Selago cephalophora Thunb., S. phyllopodioides Schltr., and Polycarena hispidula Thell. are transferred to Phyllopodium.

A detailed description of Nepenthes reindwardtiana Miquel is provided, and its distribution is reviewed. One new variety, N. reindwardtiana var. samarindaiensis Adam & Wilcock, from Kalimantan in Borneo is described.

The identifications of taxa of larger fungi (basidiomycetes) covering collections from the Korup National Park, Cameroon is given with relevant details on the distribution elsewhere in the world if known. A few other records from the south western province are also given. Several rare and previously unrecorded fungi for the area are documented.