Amatori, Franco, and Geoffrey Jones. Business History around the World: Comparative Perspectives in Business History. New York, 2003.Google Scholar

Brown, Rajeswary Ampalavanar. Chinese Business Enterprise in Asia. New York, 1995.Google Scholar

Feuerwerker, Albert. China’s Early Industrialization: Sheng Hsuan-Huai (1844–1916) and Mandarin Enterprise. Harvard East Asian Studies no. 1. Cambridge, Mass., 1958.Google Scholar

Gardella, Robert, Leonard, Jane K., and Andrea McElderry, eds. Chinese Business History: Interpretive Trends and Priorities for the Future: A Special Issue of Chinese Studies in History. New York, 1998.Google Scholar

Hao, Yen-p’ing. The Commercial Revolution in Nineteenth-Century China: The Rise of Sino-Western Mercantile Capitalism. Berkeley, Calif., 1986.Google Scholar

Motono, Eiichi. Conflict and Cooperation in Sino-British Business, 1860–1911: The Impact of Pro-British Commercial Network in Shanghai. New York, 2000.Google Scholar

Pomeranz, Kenneth. The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy. Princeton, N.J., 2000.Google Scholar

Zelin, Madeleine. The Merchants of Zigong: Industrial Entrepreneurship in Early Modern China. New York, 2005.Google Scholar

Zelin, Madeleine, Ocko, Jonathan K., and Gardella, Robert, eds. Contract and Property in Early Modern China. Stanford, Calif., 2004.Google Scholar

Chan, Wellington K. K. “Tradition and Change in Chinese Business Enterprise.” In Chinese Business History: Interpretive Trends and Priorities for the Future: A Special Issue of Chinese Studies in History, ed. Robert Gardella, Leonard, Jane K., and Andrea McElderry. New York, 1998, pp. 127–44.Google Scholar

Cohen, Myron. “Writs of Passage in Late Imperial China: The Documentation of Practical Understandings in Minong, Taiwan.” In Contract and Property in Early Modern China, ed. Madeleine Zelin, Ocko, Jonathan K., and Robert Gardella. Stanford, Calif., 2004, pp. 37–93.Google Scholar

Feuerwerker, Albert. “Economic Trends in the Late Ch’ing Empire, 1870–1911.” In The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 11: Late Ch’ing, 1800-1911, Part 2, ed. Fairbank, John and Liu, Kwang-ching. Cambridge, U.K., 1980, pp. 1–69.Google Scholar

Hao, Yen-p’ing. “Entrepreneurship and the West in East Asian Economic and Business History.” Business History Review 56, no. 2 1982: 149–54.Google Scholar

Lai, Chi-kong. “The Qing State and Merchant Enterprise: The China Merchant’s Company, 1872–1902.” In To Achieve Security and Wealth: The Qing Imperial State and the Economy, 1644–1911, ed. Jane Kate Leonard and Watt, John R.. Ithaca, N.Y., 1992, pp. 139–55.Google Scholar

McElderry, Andrea. “Equity Financing and Shareholding in Early Twentieth-Century China.” In The Social, Economic, and Cultural History of Modern East Asia: Symposium in Honor of Albert Feuerwerker and Ernest P. Young. Ann Arbor, Mich., 2004.Google Scholar

Pomeranz, Kenneth. “‘Traditional’ Chinese Business Forms Revisited: Family, Firm, and Financing in the History of the Yutang Company of Jining, 1779–1956.” Late Imperial China 18, no. 1 1997: 1–38.Google Scholar

Wong, Siu-long. “The Chinese Family Firm: A Model.” British Journal of Sociology 36, no. 1 1985: 58–72.Google Scholar