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Survival and flowering of hybrids between cultivated and wild carrots (Daucus carota) in Danish grasslands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 December 2007

Thure P. Hauser  and
Sang In Shim
Thure P. Hauser
Affiliation:
Plant Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, P.O. Box 49, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
Sang In Shim
Affiliation:
Division of Plant Resources and Environment, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, 660-701, Korea

Abstract

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Many crop species are able to hybridize with related weedy or wild relatives, which could lead to transfer of cultivar genes, and among them transgenes, into wild populations. It is not clear, however, whether the hybrids and their descendants are able to survive and reproduce in natural habitats, as inherited cultivar traits may be maladaptive under such conditions. To test this, we produced hybrid (F1) seeds by controlled crosses between wild and cultivated carrots (Daucus carota ssp. carota and ssp. sativa, respectively) and sowed them into three Danish grasslands of different age, in parallel with seeds of wild carrots. Replicate plots were sown in fall and spring. Survival and flowering of the emerging plants were monitored for the following three years. Both hybrid and wild carrots survived and flowered in highest frequency at a recently disturbed site, and much less at two older sites. Hybrids emerged in higher proportions than wild carrots in the first year and survived to similar or slightly lower frequencies at the end of the experiment. Hybrids flowered as frequently or slightly less frequently than wild plants, and developed fewer and smaller umbels. Despite a somewhat lower reproductive potential compared to wild carrots, first generation hybrids between cultivated and wild carrots are likely to survive and produce offspring in natural grasslands in Denmark. This, together with other studies, suggests that cultivar genes may transfer relatively easily into wild carrot populations.

Keywords

hybridizationcropwildemergencesurvivalflowering
Type
Research Article
Information
Environmental Biosafety Research , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , October 2007 , pp. 237 - 247
Copyright
© ISBR, EDP Sciences, 2007

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