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Distributing conservation incentives in the buffer zone of Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2008

ARIAN SPITERI  and
SANJAY K. NEPAL
ARIAN SPITERI
Affiliation:
Alberta Tourism, Parks, Recreation and Culture, PO Box 280, Exshaw, Alberta, CanadaT0L 2C0 26-640 Upper Lakeview Road, Invermere, BCCanada, V0A 1K3
SANJAY K. NEPAL*
Affiliation:
Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-2261, USA
*
*Correspondence: Dr Sanjay K. Nepal Tel: +1 979 862 4080 Fax: +1 979 845 0446 e-mail: sknepal@tamu.edu
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Summary

Since the late 1980s, biodiversity conservation efforts have expanded to incorporate delivering social and economic benefits to communities nearby or within protected areas. Benefits can generate incentives to encourage conservation support; however, such incentive-based programmes (IBPs) have been criticized owing to their inability to provide equal and equitable distribution of benefits. This research examines the distribution of IBPs in the buffer zone of Nepal's Chitwan National Park (CNP). Questionnaire interview data indicate the livelihoods of buffer zone residents remain strained by conservation activities. While benefits under IBPs are recognized by the residents, villages distant from the main tourist entry points to the park where costs associated with conservation are highest recognize few benefits. An individual's level of participation in tourism also affects the benefits received, with those directly employed in tourism receiving the most benefit. Despite the discrepancy in benefit distribution between villages and between levels of involvement in tourism, CNP is making progress in distributing benefits beyond villages where tourism is concentrated. The main IBP flaw in CNP is a limited ability to replicate benefits throughout the buffer zone, providing similar levels of benefit to all villages.

Keywords

buffer zoneChitwan National Parkconservationincentive-based programmesNepalprotected areas
Type
Papers
Information
Environmental Conservation , Volume 35 , Issue 1 , March 2008 , pp. 76 - 86
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation for Environmental Conservation 2008

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