Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-07T04:34:32.487Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines: Short-term immunity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

A. Clark ,
C. W. Potter ,
R. Jennings ,
J. P. Nicholl ,
A. F. Langrick ,
G. C. Schild ,
J. M. Wood  and
D. A. J. Tyrrell
A. Clark
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
C. W. Potter
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
R. Jennings
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
J. P. Nicholl
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
A. F. Langrick
Affiliation:
Health Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TJ
G. C. Schild
Affiliation:
Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB
J. M. Wood
Affiliation:
Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB
D. A. J. Tyrrell
Affiliation:
Division of Communicable Diseases, Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Groups of volunteers were immunized subcutaneously with one of three inacti vated influenza virus A/USSR/77 (HlNl) vaccine preparations; a whole virus vaccine, a surface-antigen subunit adsorbed vaccine, or an aqueous surface-antigen subunit vaccine. The reactions to immunization were recorded, and the antibody response was measured 1 month later. A fourth group of volunteers were inoculated intranasally with live attentuated A/USSR/77 (H1N1) influenza virus; the reactions and antibody response of these volunteers were also measured. One month after immunization, the incidence of infection by challenge with homologous live attentuated virus was determined for all groups of volunteers. The results showed that all four vaccines used were relatively non-reactogenic, and that inactivated vaccines induced higher titres of serum antibody than the live attenuated vaccine. All the vaccines induced significant protection against challenge virus infection which was directly related to the level of serum HI antibody response.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 90 , Issue 3 , June 1983 , pp. 351 - 359
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

References

REFERENCES

Aymard-Henry, M., Coleman, M. T., Dowdle, W. R., Layer, W. G. & Webster, R. G. (1973). Influenza virus neuraminidase and neuraminidase-inhibition test procedures. Bulletin of the World Health Organisation 48, 199–202.Google ScholarPubMed
Beare, A. S., Hobson, D., Reed, S. E. & Tyrrell, D. A. J. (1968). A comparison of live and killed influenza virus vaccines. Lancet ii, 418–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, M. I. & Furminger, I. G. S. (1976). A surface antigen influenza vaccine. I. Purification of haemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins. Journal of Hygiene 77, 161–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freestone, D. S., Hamilton-Smith, S., Schild, G. C., Buckland, R., Chinn, S. & Tyrrell, D. A. J. (1972). Antibody response and resistance to challenge in volunteers vaccinated with live attenuated, detergent-split and oil adjuvant A2/Hong Kong/68 (H3N2) influenza vaccines. Journal of Hygiene, 70, 531–543.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hobson, D., Beare, A. S. & Ward-Gardner, A. (1972). Haemagglutination-inhibiting serum antibody titres as an index of response of volunteers to intranasal infection with live, attenuated strains of influenza virus. Proceedings of the Symposium of Live Influenza Vaccines, Zagreb, 1971, pp. 73–84. Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts.Google Scholar
Jennings, R., Clark, A., Oxford, J. S., Hockley, D. J. & Potter, C. W. (1978). Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of whole and ether-tween split influenza A vaccines in volunteers. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 138, 577–586.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kasel, J. A., Hume, E. B., Fitlk, R. V., Togo, V., Huber, M. & Hornick, R. B. (1969). Antibody responses in nasal secretions and serum of elderly persons following local or parental administration of inactivated influenza virus vaccine. Journal of Immunology, 102, 555–562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meikeljohn, G., Kempe, C. H., Tahalman, W. G. & Lennette, E. H. (1952). Evaluation of monovalent influenza vaccine. Observations during an influenza A-prime epidemic. American Journal of Hygiene 55, 12–21.Google Scholar
Murphy, B. R., Chalhub, E. G., Nusinoff, S. R., Kasel, J. A. & Chanock, R. M. (1973). Temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza virus. III. Further characterization of the ts-1 (E) influenza A recombinant (H3N2) virus in man. Journal of Infectious Diseases 128, 479–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, C. W., Clark, A., Jennings, R., Schild, G. C., Wood, J. W. & McWilliam, P. K. A. (1980). Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccine in unprimed children. Journal of Biological Standardization 8, 35–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Potter, C. W., Jennings, R. & McLaren, C. (1973). Immunity to influenza in ferrets. VI. Immunization with adjuvanted vaccines. Archiv für die Gesamte Virusforschung 42, 285–290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Potter, C. W., Jennings, R., McLaren, C. & Clark, A. (1975). Immune response of volunteers to intranasal inoculation with freeze-dried influenza A/Hong Kong/68 vaccine. Journal of Biological Standardization 3, 41–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, C. W. & Oxford, J. S. (1979). Determinants of immunity to influenza infection in man. British Medical Bulletin 35, 69–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ruben, F. L., Potter, C. W. & Stuart-Harris, C. H. (1975). Humoral and secretory antibody responses to immunization with low and high dosage split influenza virus vaccine. Archives of Virology 47, 157–166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schild, G. C., Wood, J. M. & Newman, R. W. (1975). A single radial immunodiffusion technique for the assay of the influenza haemagglutinin antigen. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 52, 223–321.Google ScholarPubMed
Van Voorthuizen, F., Jens, D. & Saes, F. (1981). Characterization and clinical evaluation of live Influenza A vaccine prepared from a recombinant of the A/USSR/77 (H1N1) and the cold-adapted A/ANN ARBOR/6/60 (H2N2) strains. Antiviral Research 1, 107–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waldman, R. H., Kasel, J. A., Fulk, R. V., Mann, J. J., Togo, V., Nornick, R. B., Heiner, G. T. & Dawkins, A. T. (1968). Influenza antibody in human respiratory secretions after subcutaneous or respiratory immunization with inactivated virus. Nature 218, 594–595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, J. M., Schild, G. C., Newman, R. W. & Seagroatt, V. (1977). An improved radial immunodiffusion technique for the assay of influenza haemagglutinin antigen. Application for potency determination of inactivated whole virus and subunit vaccines. Journal of Biological Standardization 5, 237–247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization Expert Committee On Influenza (1953). First report. W.H.O. Technical Report Series, no. 64, Geneva: World Health Organization.Google Scholar