Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wp2c8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-14T19:25:42.785Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Enteric Fever and Sewage Disposal in Tropical Countries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

A. R. Aldridge
Affiliation:
Naini Tal, N.W.P., India.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

That many epidemics of enteric fever have been caused by contamination of central water-supplies is beyond dispute, but evidence is accumulating that makes it difficult to attribute its widespread prevalence in endemic form in India and elsewhere to this cause. It is necessary, however, to guard against assuming that therefore the disease is not water-borne. There are in India innumerable chances of water, when stored for domestic use, being contaminated, besides the same possibility in the case of food, feeding utensils, and cloths used for cleaning them. And when it is claimed that dust or flies play an important rôle in its dissemination, it is not necessary to assume that the bacillus is taken into the mouth or respiratory passages directly, but rather that it is conveyed to water, &c., by means of dust or flies.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1902

References

page 361 note 1 Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioner with the Government of India, 1899, p. 51.Google Scholar

page 363 note 1 Goulstonian Lectures for 1900, Lancet, Vol. I. p. 826.Google Scholar

page 363 note 2 Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioner with the Government of India, 1899; and Report by Major A. M. Davies, R.A.M.C., “On Sanitary Investigations and Bacteriological examinations at Cherat,” 06, 1898.Google Scholar

page 364 note 1 This bacillus was typical as regards colonies and microscopical appearances. Gas was produced in glucose-agar in 24 hrs. Indol in 4 days. Milk not coagulated in 3 days.Google Scholar

page 364 note 2 Houston, “Report on the Chemical and Bacteriological Examinations of Soil Washings.” 28th Annual Report of the Medical Officer to the Local Government Board, pp. 453 and 455.Google Scholar

page 366 note 1 Macé, , Traité de Bactériologie, p. 710.Google Scholar

page 366 note 2 Lamb, G., from Plague Research Laboratory, Bombay. “Typhoid fever in natives of India, its diagnosis by means of the serum sedimentation reaction.”Google Scholar

page 366 note 3 Buchanan, A., Indian Med. Gazette, 1899, pp. 336, 403, 446Google Scholar

Buchanan, A., Indian Med. Gazette, 1900, pp. 53, 174.Google Scholar

Rogers L. Ibid. 1902.

page 366 note 4 Ryerson, G. S. (Lieut-Col., Canadian Army Medical Staff). Address to Toronto Clinical Society, 10. 1900.Google Scholar

page 366 note 5 Munson, , Military Hygiene, p. 681.Google Scholar

page 366 note 6 Army Med. Department Report, 1885.Google Scholar

page 367 note 1 Oldright, quoted by Munson, loc. cit. p. 541.Google Scholar

page 367 note 2 Moore, quoted by Munson, loc. cit. p. 538.Google Scholar

page 368 note 1 James, C. C., “Notes on sewage disposal,” 1901.Google Scholar

Ibid. “Further notes on sewage disposal,” 1901.

Silk, A. E., “A sewage disposal experiment in Calcutta,” 1900.Google Scholar

Roberts, E., “On some practical methods of sanitation in India,” 1901.Google Scholar

By Director-General of Agriculture, Bombay, “Report on the cropping experiments at Manjri,” 1901.Google Scholar