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Mycobacteraemia among HIV-1-infected patients in São Paulo, Brazil: 1995 to 1998

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 January 2004

D. J. HADAD ,
M. PALACI ,
A. C. C. PIGNATARI ,
D. S. LEWI ,
M. A. S. MACHADO ,
M. A. S. TELLES ,
M. C. MARTINS ,
S. Y. M. UEKI ,
G. M. VASCONCELOS  and
M. C. A. PALHARES
D. J. HADAD
Affiliation:
Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Centro Biomédico/Espírito Santo Federal University, Vitória (ES), Brasil
M. PALACI
Affiliation:
Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Centro Biomédico/Espírito Santo Federal University, Vitória (ES), Brasil
A. C. C. PIGNATARI
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Division/São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
D. S. LEWI
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Division/São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
M. A. S. MACHADO
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Division/São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
M. A. S. TELLES
Affiliation:
Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
M. C. MARTINS
Affiliation:
Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
S. Y. M. UEKI
Affiliation:
Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
G. M. VASCONCELOS
Affiliation:
Centro de Referência e Treinamento de AIDS, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
M. C. A. PALHARES
Affiliation:
Centro de Referência e Treinamento de AIDS, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
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Abstract

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From July 1995 to August 1998, mycobacterial blood cultures were obtained from 1032 HIV-infected patients seen at the Centro de Referência e Treinamento de AIDS (CRTA), Hospital São Paulo (HSP), and Centro de Referência de AIDS de Santos (CRAS). Overall, 179 episodes of mycobacteraemia were detected: 111 (62·0%) at CRTA, 50 (27·9%) at HSP, and 18 (10·1%) at CRAS. The frequency of positive cultures declined sharply from 22·6% in 1995 to 6·9% in 1998, consistent with the decrease in opportunistic infections following the publicly funded distribution of highly active antiretroviral therapy. In 1995, mycobacteraemia was more frequently due to Mycobacterium avium complex (59·2%) than Mycobacterium tuberculosis (28·6%), whereas in 1998 the relative frequencies were reversed (28·6 vs. 64·3% respectively), probably justified by the increased virulence of M. tuberculosis and the greater risk of invasive infection in less-immunocompromised patients, including patients unaware they are infected with HIV.

Type
Short Reports
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 132 , Issue 1 , February 2004 , pp. 151 - 155
Copyright
© 2004 Cambridge University Press