Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-fv566 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-19T16:23:17.377Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Levobupivacaine hydrochloride and sufentanil have no antimicrobial effect at 25°C in vitro

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2007

M. Guillier ,
E. Boselli ,
L. Bouvet ,
J. Freney ,
F. N. R. Renaud ,
D. Chassard  and
B. Allaouchiche
M. Guillier
Affiliation:
Édouard Herriot Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France
E. Boselli*
Affiliation:
Édouard Herriot Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France University of Lyon, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France
L. Bouvet
Affiliation:
Édouard Herriot Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France
J. Freney
Affiliation:
University of Lyon, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France
F. N. R. Renaud
Affiliation:
University of Lyon, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France
D. Chassard
Affiliation:
Édouard Herriot Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France
B. Allaouchiche
Affiliation:
Édouard Herriot Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Nosoco.tech, ISPB Université Lyon 1, EA 3090, Lyon, France
*
Correspondence to: Emmanuel Boselli, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Édouard Herriot Hospital and University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon 69003, France. E-mail: emmanuel.boselli@chu-lyon.fr; Tel: +33 472413172; Fax: +33 472413135
Get access

Summary

Background and objectives

Levobupivacaine in combination with sufentanil may be used for labour or postoperative regional analgesia. The risk of bacterial growth within these contained solutions for several hours at room temperature is unknown. We investigated the in vitro antimicrobial effect of levobupivacaine and sufentanil against common micro-organisms encountered during regional anaesthesia.

Methods

Standardized suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli were incubated for 1, 3, 6 and 24 h at 25°C, with saline (as control), sufentanil 0.5 or 0.75 μg mL−1, levobupivacaine hydrochloride 5.6 mg mL−1 and concentrations of 1.4, 2.8 and 5 mg mL−1 of levobupivacaine hydrochloride with sufentanil 0.5 μg mL−1. Colony counts were compared after 24 h incubation at 37°C.

Results

No bacterial growth was observed on any bacterial strain for any solution tested throughout the experiment.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that solutions of levobupivacaine combined with sufentanil may be used for 24 h at room temperature during regional anaesthesia with no risk of bacterial growth.

Keywords

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTSLEVOBUPIVACAINESUFENTANILANAESTHESIA CONDUCTIONCOLONY COUNTMICROBIAL
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 24 , Issue 7 , July 2007 , pp. 634 - 639
Copyright
Copyright © European Society of Anaesthesiology 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Presented in part at the American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting in Atlanta, GA, USA, October 22–26, 2005.

References

1.Kindler, CH, Seeberger, MD, Staender, SE. Epidural abscess complicating epidural anesthesia and analgesia. An analysis of the literature. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1998; 42: 614–620.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Trautmann, M, Lepper, PM, Schmitz, FJ. Three cases of bacterial meningitis after spinal and epidural anesthesia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21: 43–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Wang, LP, Hauerberg, J, Schmidt, JF. Incidence of spinal epidural abscess after epidural analgesia: a national 1-year survey. Anesthesiology 1999; 91: 1928–1936.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Bergman, BD, Hebl, JR, Kent, J, Horlocker, TT. Neurologic complications of 405 consecutive continuous axillary catheters. Anesth Analg 2003; 96: 247–252.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Cuvillon, P, Ripart, J, Lalourcey, L et al. . The continuous femoral nerve block catheter for postoperative analgesia: bacterial colonization, infectious rate and adverse effects. Anesth Analg 2001; 93: 1045–1049.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Grewal, S, Hocking, G, Wildsmith, JA. Epidural abscesses. Br J Anaesth 2006; 96: 292–302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Aydin, ON, Eyigor, M, Aydin, N. Antimicrobial activity of ropivacaine and other local anaesthetics. Eur J Anaesth 2001; 18: 687–694.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8.Bátai, I, Kerényi, M, Tekeres, M. The impact of drugs used in anaesthesia on bacteria. Eur J Anaesth 1999; 16: 425–440.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Cook, TM, James, PA, Stannard, CF. Diamorphine and bupivacaine mixtures: an in vitro study of microbiological safety. Pain 1998; 76: 259–263.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Kampe, S, Poetter, C, Buzello, S et al. . Ropivacaine 0.1% with sufentanil 1 μg/mL inhibits in vitro growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and does not promote multiplication of Staphylococcus aureus. Anesth Analg 2003; 97: 409–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Pere, P, Lindgren, L, Vaara, M. Poor antibacterial effect of ropivacaine: comparison with bupivacaine. Anesthesiology 1999; 91: 884–886.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Rosenberg, PH, Renkonen, OV. Antimicrobial activity of bupivacaine and morphine. Anesthesiology 1985; 62: 178–179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Sakuragi, T, Ishino, H, Dan, K. Bactericidal activity of clinically used local anesthetics on Staphylococcus aureus. Reg Anesth 1996; 21: 239–242.Google ScholarPubMed
14.Boselli, E, Guillier, M, Freney, J et al. . Antibacterial activity of clonidine and neostigmine in vitro. Anesth Analg 2005; 101: 121–124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Vercauteren, MP, Hans, G, De Decker, K, Adriaensen, HA. Levobupivacaine combined with sufentanil and epinephrine for intrathecal labor analgesia: a comparison with racemic bupivacaine. Anesth Analg 2001; 93: 996–1000.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Borghi, B, Facchini, F, Agnoletti, V et al. . Pain relief and motor function during continuous interscalene analgesia after open shoulder surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison between levobupivacaine 0.25%, and ropivacaine 0.25% or 0.4%. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2006; 23: 1005–1009.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Hodson, M, Gajraj, R, Scott, NB. A comparison of the antibacterial activity of levobupivacaine vs. bupivacaine: an in vitro study with bacteria implicated in epidural infection. Anaesthesia 1999; 54: 699–702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Tamanai-Shacoori, Z, Shacoori, V, Vo Van, JM, Robert, JC, Bonnaure-Mallet, M. Sufentanil modifies the antibacterial activity of bupivacaine and ropivacaine. Can J Anaesth 2004; 51: 911–914.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Rosenberg, PH. Concentration of levobupivacaine solutions is labelled differently than that of other local anaesthetic solutions. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2007; 24: 207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Rosenberg, PH, Schug, SA. Levobupivacaine base and levobupivacaine hydrochloride. Br J Anaesth 2005; 94: 544.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Bátai, I, Kerényi, M, Falvai, J, Szabó, G. Bacterial growth in ropivacaine hydrochloride. Anesth Analg 2002; 94: 729–731.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Dantas, PE, Uesugui, E, Nishiwaki-Dantas, MC, Mimica, LJ. Antibacterial activity of anesthetic solutions and preservatives: an in vitro comparative study. Cornea 2000; 19: 353–354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Goodman, EJ, Jacobs, MR, Bajaksouzian, S, Windau, AR, Dagirmanjian, JP. Clinically significant concentrations of local anesthetics inhibit Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. Int J Obstetric Anesthesia 2002; 11: 95–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Foster, RH, Markham, A. Levobupivacaine: a review of its pharmacology and use as a local anaesthetic. Drugs 2000; 59: 551–579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25.James, FM, George, RH, Naiem, H, White, GJ. Bacteriologic aspects of epidural analgesia. Anesth Analg 1976; 55: 187–190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Raedler, C, Lass-Florl, C, Puhringer, F, Kolbitsch, C, Lingnau, W, Benzer, A. Bacterial contamination of needles used for spinal and epidural anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 1999; 83: 657–658.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Sakuragi, T, Ishino, H, Dan, K. Bactericidal activity of preservative-free bupivacaine on microorganisms in the human skin flora. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1998; 42: 1096–1099.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Feldman, JM, Chapin-Robertson, K, Turner, J. Do agents used for epidural analgesia have antimicrobial properties? Reg Anesth 1994; 19: 43–47.Google ScholarPubMed