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Compensación interhemisférica: hipótesis de los efectos inducidos por la EMT en las áreas relacionadas con el lenguaje
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 May 2020
Resumen
La estimulación magnética transcraneal repetida (EMTr) aplicada en las regiones cerebrales responsables del procesamiento del lenguaje se utiliza para reducir potencialmente las alucinaciones auditivas en pacientes con esquizofrenia y para investigar la organización funcional de las áreas relacionadas con el lenguaje. No obstante, la variabilidad del efecto es notable entre los distintos estudios y entre los sujetos. Además, los mecanismos de acción del EMTr se conocen poco.
En este artículo revisamos varios factores relacionados con la organización estructural y funcional del cerebro que pueden influir en los efectos inducidos por la EMTr. Luego, por analogía con los estudios de afasia y con los cambios plásticos adaptativos de los hemisferios derecho e izquierdo después de la recuperación de la afasia, se propone una hipótesis sobre los mecanismos de EMTr en áreas relacionadas con el lenguaje (por ejemplo, las áreas de Wernicke y de Broca). Creemos que la interferencia local inducida por la EMTr en las areas relacionadas con el lenguaje puede ser análoga al ictus afásico y puedan dar lugar a una reorganización funcional en las áreas conectadas con la lesión virtual para la recuperación del lenguaje.
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- Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008
References
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