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Prevención de recaídas en la esquizofrenia: actitudes de los neurólogos-psiquiatras
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 May 2020
Resumen
Las elevadas tasas globales de recaída observadas en la esquizofrenia se atribuyen a varias causas. Un factor importante que influye en la prevención satisfactoria de la recaída es la falta de estrategias de tratamiento coherentes entre los médicos, especialmente los neurólogos-psiquiatras. Se pidió a casi un tercio de los miembros de la Sociedad Helénica de Neurología y Psiquiatría que cumplimentaran anónimamente un cuestionario estructurado sobre sus actitudes de tratamiento y tácticas de prescripción con respecto a los pacientes esquizofrénicos tanto después del primer episodio esquizofrénico como después de múltiples episodios. La mayoría de los neurólogos-psiquiatras griegos parecen adoptar hábitos de prescripción que se aproximan a las normas internacionales actuales para la prevención de la recaída esquizofrénica. Sus actitudes con respecto al tratamiento y la prevención de recaídas para el primer episodio esquizofrénico y la primera recaída se determinan a partir de múltiples factores. Estos son: las tasas esperadas de recaída después del primer episodio, la prevalencia esperada de efectos secundarios extrapiramidales después de un tratamiento neuroléptico a largo plazo, el cumplimiento esperado del tratamiento del paciente después del primer episodio, la experiencia del médico con el tratamiento de esquizofrénicos y, por último, el conocimiento de las publicaciones actuales sobre la materia. Estos resultados apuntan a la necesidad de educación continuada, especialmente de los profesionales de salud mental más jóvenes y los que trabajan en el sector privado, que se dirija a la cuestión del riesgo real de desarrollar efectos secundarios a partir del tratamiento. A su debido tiempo, podrían producirse beneficios para el ejercicio cotidiano de la psiquiatría y el cumplimiento de los pacientes del tratamiento.
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References
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