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Percepciones de la atmósfera real y la atmósfera ideal de la sala entre los cursillistas y el personal antes y después de la introducción de un nuevo modelo de rehabilitación laboral

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

M. Eklund  and
L. Hansson
M. Eklund
Affiliation:
Universidad de Lund, Departamento de Neurociencia Clínica, División de Terapia Ocupacional, PO Box 157, SE-22100Lund, Suecia
L. Hansson
Affiliation:
Universidad de Lund, Departamento de Neurociencia Clínica, División de Psiquiatría, SE-22100Lund, Suecia
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Resumen

Se investigaron los cambios en la atmósfera de la sala de una unidad de rehabilitación laboral psiquiátrica. Tanto los cursillistas como el personal cumplimentaron la Escala del Ambiente de Programas Orientados a la Comunidad (COPES) antes y después de que se implantara un nuevo modelo de rehabilitación. Se hizo la hipótesis de que los niveles de autonomía y orientación práctica aumentarían con respecto a la atmósfera real de la sala tanto desde la perspectiva de los cursillistas como desde la del personal y que las percepciones del personal de una atmósfera ideal de sala cambiarían de la misma manera. El personal percibió un mayor nivel de autonomía tanto con respecto a la atmósfera real de la sala como con respecto a lo que constituye una atmósfera ideal de sala, lo que confirmó en parte las hipótesis, pero el nivel de orientación práctica fue estable. Con respecto a la estimación del personal de una atmósfera ideal de sala, otros cambios fueron un nivel mayor de implicación y una disminución en la espontaneidad, sobre lo que no se había hecho hipótesis, pero que no estaba en conflicto con la filosofía detrás del nuevo modelo. Desde la perspectiva del cursillista, no hubo modificación de la autonomía o la orientación práctica. En cambio, hubo una disminución en la orientación a los problemas personales. Comparado con un perfil óptimo, la atmósfera de la sala era beneficiosa lo mismo antes que después de la implantación del nuevo programa. Se encontraron diferencias entre el personal y los cursillistas, pero no fueron lo bastante grandes para separar a los grupos según lo que se considera un perfil óptimo. Los pocos cambios encontrados apoyan las conclusiones anteriores de que la atmósfera de la sala es un fenómeno estable en el tiempo.

Keywords

salud mentalterapia ocupacionalatmósfera de salarehabilitación laboral
Type
Artículo Original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , February 2002 , pp. 30 - 38
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2002

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