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Characteristics of Single vs. Multiple Suicide Attempters Among Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2024

S. Abascal-Peiró ,
J. Herrera-Sánchez ,
L. Izaguirre-Gamir ,
J. Aznar-Carboné ,
A. Alacreu-Crespo  and
A. Porras-Segovia
S. Abascal-Peiró
Affiliation:
1Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid
J. Herrera-Sánchez*
Affiliation:
1Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid
L. Izaguirre-Gamir
Affiliation:
1Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid
J. Aznar-Carboné
Affiliation:
1Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid
A. Alacreu-Crespo
Affiliation:
2Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Universidad of Zaragoza, Teruel
A. Porras-Segovia
Affiliation:
3Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain 4Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Suicide is one of the leading causes of unnatural death worldwide. There might be meaningful differences between those individuals that attempt suicide once in their lifespan and those who make multiple attempts in terms of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. There are no previous meta-analysis addressing this topic in the adult population.

Objectives

We aimed to examine the factors that differentiate single and multiple suicide attempters in adult population.

Methods

We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct this review and meta-analysis. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. We carried out a systematic literature search in three databases to identify original studies that explored the differences between single and multiple suicide attempters among adult population. A total of 75 studies were included in the review and 69 were included in the meta-analysis.

Results

Multiple attempters were more likely to present certain disorders such as mood and psychotic disorders, as well as personality or substance use disorders. Higher suicide ideation and suicide intent scores also characterized this group. Childhood trauma experiences, stressful life events, and higher rates of hopelessness were statistically significant in multiple attempters.

Conclusions

Identifying the factors predicting multiple suicide attempts helps to delineate a high-risk suicidal profile that should be taken into account in the clinical and suicide prevention scenario.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 67 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 32nd European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2024 , pp. S787 - S788
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association
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