Researches of the human factor in dangerous professions are actual because it raise reliability of professional activity in extra-risk conditions.

We consider that image of the professional is an important part of each profession, its formation should be carried out by science means.

During the period when aviation was as a show (1909–1912) image of the pilots with pathological characteristics: 1) a genetic pathology: «people-birds»; 2) a psychic pathology: «people-suicides» dominated.

During investigation we applied an archival method, a biographic method, a method of the analysis of the prose, poetry devoted to Russian aviation.

With the beginning of the organization of professional selection and vocational training based on aviation medicine, aviation psychology and aviation pedagogy image of the pilot has got characteristics of adequacy to norms of a flyinq profession. By the 1930s process of formation of scientifically well-founded image of the pilot has come to the end. It is necessary to notice that the image of the astronaut at once constructed on a scientific basis, has been deprived of pathological signs.

Hence, the medicine, psychology, pedagogy are good image-makers of the professional and profession. These sciences should be developed and should be constructed on a common philosophical basis.