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Opioid Use Disorder in Three Samples of the Lebanese Population: Correlation with Clinical and Genetic Factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2024

K. Chamoun ,
F. Hajj Moussa Lteif ,
P. Salameh ,
H. Sacre ,
R. Haddad ,
L. Rabbaa ,
B. Megarbane  and
A. Hajj
K. Chamoun
Affiliation:
1Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon 3Inserm, UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
F. Hajj Moussa Lteif
Affiliation:
1Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
P. Salameh
Affiliation:
4INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 5School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon 6Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus 7Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat
H. Sacre
Affiliation:
4INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut
R. Haddad
Affiliation:
8Faculty of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry Department, Lebanese University 9Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry Department, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
L. Rabbaa
Affiliation:
1Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
B. Megarbane
Affiliation:
3Inserm, UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
A. Hajj*
Affiliation:
1Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments 4INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 10Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval 11Oncology Division, CHU de Québec- Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, Canada
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is a severe and recurrent condition that contributes to a global prevalence of disabilities. Accumulating evidence suggests a potential convergence of clinical and genetic factors underlying OUD.

Objectives

This study explores the clinical and genetic factors associated with OUD in the Lebanese population.

Methods

A cross-sectional study in the Lebanese population included three different groups of participants stratified according to the cut-off of the revised Opioid Risk Tool (ORT-OUD): (1) Low-risk group for OUD (n=513; general population; ORT-OUD score <2.5); (2) High-risk group for OUD (n=87; general population; ORT-OUD score ≥3); (3) a third group consisting of patients clinically diagnosed with OUD according to the DSM-5 (n=46). The survey included sociodemographic information and used validated scales to assess other substance use disorders, sleep disturbances, depression, and anxiety. Genotyping for the COMT, MTHFR, and CRY2 genes was conducted for 91 patients using a real-time PCR (Roche®). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the associations between OUD risk and sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic factors.

Results

This study enrolled 646 participants. Multivariate analysis showed significant associations between risk of developing an OUD and cigarette smoking (B=0.583), worse insomnia scores (B=0.074) and Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test-alcohol (B=0.053) scores, male gender (B=13.351), lack of education (B=4.159), unemployment (B=7.235), low income (B=11.285), lack of healthcare coverage (B=4.190), neuropsychiatric disorders (B=7.966). Conversely, OUD risk was negatively correlated with the morning chronotype (B=-0.372). Bivariate analysis showed that the CRY2 AA genotype was significantly associated with a higher risk of OUD; nevertheless, none of the genetic factors remained significant in the multivariable model.

Conclusions

This study identified several sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic factors that could potentially increase the risk of developing OUD in the Lebanese population. Further research is needed to clarify risk factors and underlying mechanisms, enabling the development of more effective prevention strategies.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 67 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 32nd European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2024 , pp. S99
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association
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