Limited research is available on children and adolescent psychosis. Thus, we conducted a Meta-Analysis of pharmaceutical treatments, using literature from the last 5 years. A 16 year cumulative prevalence of psychosis in the Calgary Health Region was also examined.

Conduct a Meta-Analysis to determine effective treatments for children and adolescent psychosis. Conduct a prevalence study for the Calgary Health Zone from 1994-2009.

Update and identify effective treatment interventions for children and adolescent psychosis, and determine psychosis prevalence in the Calgary Health Region.

Direct physician billing data was used for the Calgary Health Region (Alberta) from 1994-2009 (n = 763449) to identify 73078 unique individuals (30762-males, 42316-females), each of whom had a physician-assigned diagnosis of psychosis. Using standard methods, 41 studies were identified and those meeting inclusion criteria were compared and ranked on the basis of effect size, study design, etc. across studies.

The 16 year cumulative prevalence of psychosis per 10,000 was 1026 for all ages, and 229 under 19. 4 studies met measurable outcomes; 34 results were positive, 17 were equivalent, and no results were negative. The greatest effect size was 1.03, while the lowest was −0.286. Risperidone, Quetiapine, and Olanzapine were effective treatments.

Risperidone, Quetiapine, and Olanzapine are effective treatments for children and adolescent psychosis. Psychosis rates increased 2.3 times for all ages, and 2 times under age 19, from 1994-2009. Psychosis in the under 19 male population is becoming more prevalent and increasing at a higher rate compared to females.