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Taxonomy of psychopathology based on a neurochemical framework

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2023

I. Trofimova
I. Trofimova*
Affiliation:
Collective Intelligence Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, MCMASTER UNIVERSITY, Hamilton, Canada

Abstract

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Introduction

Temperament and mental illness are considered to be variations along the same continuum of imbalance in the neurophysiological regulation of behaviour.

Objectives

This presentation presents the benefits of constructivism approach to psychiatric taxonomies.

Methods

The presentation reviews findings in neurochemistry that link temperament traits in healthy individuals and symptoms of psychiatric disorders to complex relationships between neurotransmitter systems.

Results

Specialization between neurotransmitter systems underlying temperament traits is analyzed here from a functional ecology perspective that considers the structure of adult temperament corresponding to the functional structure of human activities. In contrast to a more popular search for neuroanatomic biomarkers of psychopathology and temperament traits in healthy individuals, this presentation focuses on neurochemistry-based biomarkers. The roles of monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, noradrenalin), as well as the roles of acetylcholine, neuropeptides and opioid receptor systems in the regulation of specific dynamical properties of behaviour are summarized within the neurochemical Functional Ensemble of Temperament (FET) model (Table 1) (Trofimova & Robbins, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2016, 64, 382-402; Trofimova, Neuropsychobiology, 2021, 80(2), 101-133).

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Conclusions

The FET framework allows having a neurochemistry-based structure of a taxonomy that can classify both, healthy bio-psychological traits and symptoms of psychopathology. The presentation will give examples of how the FET framework can be used in psychiatry and clinical psychology.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 66 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 31st European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2023 , pp. S146
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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