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MANAGEMENT OF RED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA) AND BARNYARDGRASS (ECHINOCHLOA CRUS-GALLI) GROWN WITH SORGHUM WITH REDUCED RATE OF ATRAZINE AND MECHANICAL METHODS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 September 2012

ANDRÉ ANDRES ,
GERMANI CONCENÇO ,
GIOVANI THEISEN ,
LEANDRO GALON  and
FRANCO TESIO
ANDRÉ ANDRES
Affiliation:
Embrapa Temperate Agriculture, BR 392 Km 78, 96.001-970 Pelotas, Brazil Dipartimento di Agronomia, Selvicoltura e Gestione del Territorio, University of Torino, Via L. da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
GERMANI CONCENÇO
Affiliation:
Embrapa Western Region Agriculture, Dourados, Brazil
GIOVANI THEISEN
Affiliation:
Embrapa Temperate Agriculture, BR 392 Km 78, 96.001-970 Pelotas, Brazil
LEANDRO GALON
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Itaqui, Itaqui, Brazil
FRANCO TESIO*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Agronomia, Selvicoltura e Gestione del Territorio, University of Torino, Via L. da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
*
‡Corresponding author. Email: franco.tesio@unito.it
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Summary

The weedy variety of Oryza sativa occurs in several rice cultivation areas reducing both grain yield and quality. Prevention and crop rotation are considered the basic means to reduce its presence. Weed control in sorghum is generally attained with atrazine. In this study, the efficacy of both chemical and mechanical methods for control, under different soil tillage conditions, of weedy rice and barnyardgrass during sorghum cultivation was evaluated with the aim to reduce the application rate of atrazine. In the case of chemical control, the atrazine rate (1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 ga.i. ha−1) and application timing (pre- and post-emergence) were assessed. With the mechanical control method, the number of interventions (inter-row hoeing with sorghum at 3, 4–5 and 6–8 leaves) to avoid weed competition was determined. The effect of the tillage system on weed population was investigated comparing conventional (ploughing), minimum-tillage (disc harrowing) and sod seeding (no-tillage) in combination with pre- and post-emergence herbicide treatments. The results showed that efficient control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass was achieved in lowlands with sorghum in rotation with rice. Both chemical and mechanical methods of weed control in sorghum gave a level of efficiency higher than 60%. The application of atrazine was more efficient in pre-emergence application, rather than in post-emergence treatments, in all soil tillage systems tested. On both weed species, the most suitable application rate was the pre-emergence treatment with 1500 ga.i. ha−1, and the adoption of higher rates did not significantly increase the herbicidal efficacy. The adoption of two or three mechanical interventions resulted in sorghum yield higher than the chemical post-emergence application, and similar to the application of atrazine in pre-emergence. Higher yield results were in accordance to greater weed control, being obtained in the conventional tillage system.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 48 , Issue 4 , October 2012 , pp. 587 - 596
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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