Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wbk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-14T00:30:46.389Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A REVIEW OF UMBILICAL CORD PROLAPSE AND THE INFLUENCE OF TRAINING ON MANAGEMENT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2012

CAROLINE CHEBSEY ,
DIMITRIS SIASSAKOS  and
TIM DRAYCOTT
CAROLINE CHEBSEY
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
DIMITRIS SIASSAKOS*
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
TIM DRAYCOTT
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
*
Dimitris Siassakos, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom. Email: jsiasakos@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Umbilical cord prolapse is the descent of the umbilical cord through the cervix alongside (occult) or past (overt) the presenting part in the presence of ruptured membranes. Cord prolapse is a rare obstetric complication, usually requiring immediate delivery of the fetus to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore staff caring for women in labour should train regularly to manage it appropriately, because team training has been demonstrated to improve outcomes.

Type
Review Article
Information
Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review , Volume 23 , Issue 2 , May 2012 , pp. 120 - 130
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Lin, MG. Umbilical cord prolapse. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2006; 61: 269–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2Murphy, DJ, MacKenzie, IZ. The mortality and morbidity associated with umbilical cord prolapse. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1995; 102: 826–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3Siassakos, D, Hasafa, Z, Sibanda, T, Fox, R, Donald, F, Winter, C. Retrospective Cohort Study of diagnosis-delivery interval with umbilical cord prolapse: the effect of team training. BJOG 2009; 116: 1089–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4Myles, TJ. Prolapse of the umbilical cord. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 1959; 66: 301–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5Cope, E.Presentation and prolapse of umbilical cord; an analysis of 350 cases. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 1951; 58: 259–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6Dilbaz, B, Ozturkoglu, E, Dilbaz, S, Ozturk, N, Sivaslioglu, AA, Haberal, A. Risk factors and perinatal outcomes associated with umbilical cord prolapse. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2006; 274: 104–107.Google Scholar
7Boyle, JJ, Katz, VL. Umbilical cord prolapse in current obstetric practice. J Reprod Med 2005; 50: 303–306.Google Scholar
8Kahana, B, Sheiner, E, Levy, A, Lazer, S, Mazor, M. Umbilical cord prolapse and perinatal outcomes. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2004; 84: 127–32.Google Scholar
9Dare, FO, Owolabi, AT, Fasubaa, OB, Ezechi, OC. Umbilical cord prolapse: a clinical study of 60 cases seen at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife. East Afr Med J 1998; 75: 308–10.Google Scholar
10Critchlow, CW, Leet, TL, Benedetti, TJ, Daling, JR. Risk factors and infant outcomes associated with umbilical cord prolapse: a population-based case–control study among births in Washington State. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 170: 613–18.Google Scholar
11Yla-Outinen, A, Heinonen, PK, Tuimala, R. Predisposing and risk factors of umbilical cord prolapse. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1985; 64: 567–70.Google Scholar
12Woo, JS, Ngan, YS, Ma, HK. Prolapse and presentation of the umbilical cord. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1983; 23: 142–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13Panter, KR, Hannah, ME. Umbilical cord prolapse: so far so good? Lancet 1996; 347: 74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Cushner, IM. Prolapse of the umbilical cord, including the late follow up of fetal survivors. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1961; 81: 666–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15Fenton, AN, D'Esposo, A. Prolapse of the cord during labour. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1951; 62: 52–64.Google Scholar
16Mengert, WF, Longwell, FH. Prolapse of the umbilical cord. Am J Obstet Gynacol 1940; 40: 79–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Focus Group: Breech presentation at onset of labour. In: Confidential Enquiry into Stillbirths and Deaths in Infancy. 7th Annual Report. London: Maternal and Child Health Consortium; 2000; 25–39.Google Scholar
18Beard, RJ, Johnson, DA. Fetal distress due to cord prolapse through a fenestration in a lower segment uterine scar. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1972; 79: 763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Johnson, KC, Daviss, BA. Outcomes of planned home births with certified professional midwives: large prospective study in North America. BMJ 2005; 330: 1416–422.Google Scholar
20Usta, IM, Mercer, BM, Sibai, BM. Current obstetrical practice and umbilical cord prolapse. Am J Perinatol 1999; 16: 479–84.Google Scholar
21Skupski, DW, Harrison-Restelli, C, Dupont, RB. External cephalic version: an approach with few complications. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2003; 56: 83–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22Uygur, D, Kis, S, Tuncer, R, Ozcan, FS, Erkaya, S. Risk factors and infant outcomes associated with umbilical cord prolapse. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2002; 78: 127–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23Lange, IR, Manning, FA, Morrison, I, Chamberlain, PF, Harman, CR. Cord Prolapse: is antenatal diagnosis possible? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985; 151: 1083–1085.Google Scholar
24Lewis, DF, Robichaux, AG, Jaekle, RK, Salas, A, Canzoneri, BJ, Horton, K, et al. Expectant management of preterm premature rupture of membranes and nonvertex presentation: what are the risks? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 196: 566e1–6.Google Scholar
25Phelan, J, Boucher, M, Mueller, E, McCart, D, Horenstein, J, Clark, S. The nonlaboring transverse lie. A management dilemma. J Reprod Med 1986; 31: 184–86.Google Scholar
26Koonings, PP, Paul, RH, Campbell, K. Umbilical cord prolapse. A contemporary look. J Reprod Med 1990; 35: 690–92.Google Scholar
27Draycott, T, Sibanda, T, Owen, L, Akande, V, Winter, C, Reading, S, et al. Does training in obstetric emergencies improve neonatal outcome? BJOG 2006; 113: 177–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28Vago, T.Prolapse of the umbilical cord: a method of management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1970; 107: 967–69.Google Scholar
29Caspi, E, Lotan, Y, Schreyer, P. Prolapse of the cord: reduction of perinatal mortality by bladder instillation and cesarean section. Isr J Med Sci 1983; 19: 541–45.Google Scholar
30Chetty, RM, Moodley, J. Umbilical cord prolapse. S Afr Med J 1980; 57: 128–29.Google Scholar
31Bord, I, Gemer, O, Anteby, EY, Shenhav, S. The value of bladder filling in addition to manual elevation of presenting part in cases of cord prolapse. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011; 283: 989–91.Google Scholar
32Ingemarsson, I, Arulkumaran, S, Ratnam, S. Single injection of terbutaline in term labor. I. Effect on fetal pH in cases with prolonged bradycardia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985; 153: 859–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33Katz, Z, Shoham, Z, Lancet, M, Blickstein, I, Mogilner, BM, Zalel, Y. Management of labor with umbilical cord prolapse: a 5-year study. Obstet Gynecol 1988; 72: 278–81.Google Scholar
34Katz, Z, Lancet, M, Borenstein, R. Management of labor with umbilical cord prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982; 142: 239–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35DeLee, JB. The Principles and Practice of Obstetrics, 28th ed.Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co. 1943: 651–658Google Scholar
36Lucas, DN, Yentis, SM, Kinsella, SM, Holdcroft, A, May, AE, Wee, M, et al. Urgency of caesarean section: a new classification. J R Soc Med 2000; 93: 346–50Google Scholar
37Barrett, JM. Funic reduction for the management of umbilical cord prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991; 165: 654–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Umbilical Cord Prolapse. Green-top Guideline No. 50. London: RCOG; 2008.Google Scholar
39Kinsella, SM, Girgirah, K, Scrutton, MJ. Rapid sequence spinal anaesthesia forcategory-1 urgency caesarean section: a case series. Anaesthesia 2010; 65: 664–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
40National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health. Caesarean Section. Clinical Guideline. London: RCOG Press; 2004.Google Scholar
41Tan, WC, Tan, LK, Tan, HK, Tan, AS. Audit of ‘crash’ emergency caesarean sections due to cord prolapse in terms of response time and perinatal outcome. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2003; 32: 638–41.Google Scholar
42Bloom, SL, Leveno, KJ, Spong, CY, Gilbert, S, Hauth, JC, Landon, MB, et al. Decision-to-incision times and maternal and infant outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 108: 6–11.Google Scholar
43Thomas, J, Paranjothy, S, James, . National cross sectional survey to determine whether the decision to delivery interval is critical in emergency caesarean section. BMJ 2004; 328: 665–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
44MacKenzie, IZ, Cooke, I. What is a reasonable time from decision-to-delivery by caesarean section? Evidence from 415 deliveries. BJOG 2002; 109: 498–50Google ScholarPubMed
45Siassakos, D, Bristowe, K, Hambly, H, Angouri, J, Crofts, JF, Winter, C et al. Team communication with patient actors: findings from a multisite simulation study. 2011; 6: 143–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
46National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health. Intrapartum Care: Care of Healthy Women and Their Babies During Childbirth. Clinical Guideline. London: RCOG Press; 2007.Google Scholar
47Weston, R. When birth goes wrong. Pract Midwife 2001; 4: 10–12.Google ScholarPubMed
48Murphy, DJ, Pope, C, Frost, J, Liebling, RE. Women's views on the impact of operative delivery in the second stage of labour: qualitative interview study. BMJ 2003; 327: 1132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
49Mapp, T, Hudson, K. Feelings and fears during obstetric emergencies 1. Br J Midwifery 2005; 13: 30–35.Google Scholar
50Mapp, T. Feelings and fears post obstetric emergencies 2. Br J Midwifery 2005; 13: 36–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
51Rowan, C, Bick, D, Bastos, MH:Postnatal debriefing interventions to prevent maternal mental health problems after birth: exploring the gap between the evidence and UK policy and practice. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2007; 4: 97–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
52Roberts, N, Kitchiner, NJ, Kenardy, J, Bisson, JI: Multiple session early psychological interventions for the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009 8: CD006869.Google Scholar
53Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries (CMACE). Saving Mothers’ Lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006–08. The Eighth Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. BJOG 2011; 118 (Suppl. 1): 1–203.Google Scholar
54The Joint Commission: “Preventing maternal death,” Sentinel Event Alert, Issue 44, Jan 26, 2010, http://www.jointcommission.org/SentinelEvents/SentinelEventAlert/sea_44.htm?print=yes[9/20/201011:57:04AM] accessed 4 May 2012.Google Scholar
55NHS Litigation Authority. Clinical Negligence Scheme for Trusts: Maternity Standards. Criterion 4.1.1; 2006.Google Scholar
56Clinical Negligence and Other Risks Scheme. Scottish Executive, Health Department Directorate of Finance; 1999.Google Scholar
57Welsh Pool Risk. Standard 15, Maternity, Version 3, January 2005.Google Scholar
58Module 8. Cord prolapse. In: Draycott, T, Winter, C, Crofts, J, Barnfield, S, editors. PROMPT: PRactical Obstetric MultiProfessional Training Course Manual. London: RCOG Press; 200; 117–24.Google Scholar