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Depositional and thermal history of a continental, coal-bearing Middle Jurassic succession from Iran: Hojedk Formation, northern Tabas Block

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2022

Mohammad Ali Salehi Open the ORCID record for Mohammad Ali Salehi [Opens in a new window] ,
Markus Wilmsen ,
Ehsan Zamanian ,
Alireza Baniasad  and
Christoph Heubeck
Mohammad Ali Salehi*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Markus Wilmsen
Affiliation:
Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Sektion Paläozoologie, Konigsbrücker Landstr. 159, Dresden 01109, Germany
Ehsan Zamanian
Affiliation:
Tabas Aspiring UNESCO Global Geopark, Tabas, Iran
Alireza Baniasad
Affiliation:
Energy and Mineral Resources Group (EMR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Christoph Heubeck
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Universität Jena, Burgweg 11, Jena 07749, Germany
*
Author for correspondence: Mohammad Ali Salehi, Email: ma.salehi@sci.ui.ac.ir
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Abstract

During the early Bajocian, a conspicuous coal-bearing siliciclastic succession was deposited in the northern Tabas Bock, which is important for understanding the regional geodynamics of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent (CEIM) as well as for the Jurassic coal genesis in this part of Laurasia. Sedimentary facies analysis in a well-exposed section of the lower Bajocian Hojedk Formation (Kalshaneh area, northern Tabas Block) led to the recognition of ten characteristic sedimentary facies and three facies associations, representing channels with point bars and floodplains of a Bajocian meandering river system. Modal analysis indicates that the mature quartz arenites and quartzo-lithic sandstones of the Hojedk Formation originated from the erosion and recycling of older, supracrustal sedimentary rocks on the Yazd Block to the west. The coal petrography and maturity show an advanced maturation stage, whereas the great thickness of these continental strata points to a pronounced extension-related subsidence in the northern Tabas Block. The rapid rate of differential subsidence can be explained by accelerated normal block-faulting in the back-arc extensional basin of the CEIM, facing the Neotethys to the south. Compared to the thick Jurassic, the post-Jurassic strata are relatively thin and played a limited role in the thermal history of the coal in the northern Tabas Block. A relatively high geothermal gradient in the tectonically highly mobile area of the northern Tabas Block and/or heating by regionally widespread Palaeogene intrusions were most probably the key drivers of the thermal maturation of the Middle Jurassic coals.

Keywords

lower Bajocianmeandering channelscoal maturationprovenancepalaeogeography
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 160 , Issue 2 , February 2023 , pp. 235 - 259
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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