¹ Phrase attributed to and forming the essence of V. E. Frankl, Man's Search for Meaning, Boston, Beacon Press, 1959.Google Scholar

² Report of the Official Account of the Bombings in London on 7 July 2005, Norwich, HMSO, 2006, HC 1087.Google Scholar

³ Such a view has become mainstream across the political spectrum, migrating from George Galloway's tirade against Tony Blair upon being elected MP for the Respect Party in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in 2005, to the authors of ‘Riding Pillion for Tackling Terrorism is a High-Risk Policy’, Security, Terrorism and the UK, ISP/NSC Briefing Paper 05/01, London, RIIA, 2005.Google Scholar

⁴ R. Briggs, C. Fieschi and H. Lownsbrough, Bringing it Home: Community-Based Approaches to Counter-Terrorism, London, Demos, 2006.Google Scholar

⁵ Report into the London Terrorist Attacks on 7 July 2005, Norwich, HMSO, 2006, Cm 6785.Google Scholar

⁶ ‘Not in my name’ was the slogan used by many of those opposed to the Iraq War of 2003. Faisal Devji points to a growing usage of such non-political statements by a wide variety of groups encompassing environmental protestors and others in Landscapes of the Jihad: Militancy, Morality, Modernity, New Delhi, Foundation Books, 2005.Google Scholar

⁷ This is not to belittle the genuine grief of all those concerned, or indeed their understandable desire for support.Google Scholar

⁸ Cited in De Telegraaf, 26 July 2005, available at; http://www.telegraaf.nl/binnenland/23285701/Moeder_Van_Gogh:_enige_juiste_straf.html.Google Scholar

⁹ A common warning from the prime minister, the head of the Security Service and many others.Google Scholar

¹⁰ A phrase attributed to the IRA after failing to assassinate the then prime minister, Margaret Thatcher.Google Scholar

¹¹ Z. Laïdi, A World Without Meaning, London, Taylor & Francis, 1998.Google Scholar

¹² S. P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, New York, Simon & Schuster, 1996.Google Scholar

¹³ T. Blair, ‘Not a Clash Between Civilisations, but a Clash About Civilisation’, speech, London, Foreign Policy Centre, 21 March 2006, available at http://fpc.org.uk/events/past/231.Google Scholar

¹⁴ Countering International Terrorism: The United Kingdom's Strategy, Norwich, HMSO, 2006, Cm 6888.Google Scholar

¹⁵ T. Blair, uncorrected transcript of oral evidence to the House of Commons Liaison Committee, 4 July 2006, available at http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmselect/cmliaisn/uc709-iii/uc70902.htm.Google Scholar

¹⁶ J. Reid, speech to Muslim groups in East London, 20 September 2006, available at http://press.homeoffice.gov.uk/Speeches/sp-muslim-group-20-09-06.Google Scholar

¹⁷ There is a burgeoning literature on the causes of so-called radicalization emerging from a wide variety of organizations, very little of which is peer reviewed.Google Scholar

¹⁸ ‘Towards a Community-Based approach to Counter-Terrorism’, report on Wilton Park conference, 20–2 March 2006, WPSO6/5, available at http://www.wiltonpark.org.uk/documents/conferences/WPS06-5/pdfs/WPS06-5.pdf.Google Scholar

¹⁹ ‘Gang “Planned to Bomb London Nightclub” ’, Guardian, 25 May 2006.Google Scholar

²⁰ M. Sageman, Understanding Terror Networks, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.Google Scholar

²¹ Osama bin Laden, Messages to the World: The Statements of Osama bin Laden, ed. by B. Lawrence, trans. by J. Howarth, London, Verso, 2005.Google Scholar

²² S. Milne, ‘They Can't See Why They are Hated’, Guardian, 13 September 2001.Google Scholar

²³ Cited in ‘God Gave U.S. “What We Deserve” Falwell Says’, Washington Post, 14 September 2001.Google Scholar

²⁴ M. Bookchin, Re-Enchanting Humanity: A Defense of the Human Spirit against Anti-Humanism, Misanthropy, Mysticism and Primitivism, London, Cassell, 1995.Google Scholar

²⁵ M. Rees, Our Final Century: Will the Human Race Survive the Twenty-First Century?, London, William Heinemann, 2003.Google Scholar

²⁶ J. Gray, Straw Dogs: Thoughts on Humans and Other Animals, London, Granta, 2003.Google Scholar

²⁷ ‘Earth Without People: What if we All Disappeared Tomorrow?’, New Scientist, 14 October 2006.Google Scholar

²⁸ M. Moore, Stupid White Men … and Other Sorry Excuses for the State of the Nation!, London, Penguin, 2002.Google Scholar

²⁹ F. Furedi, Culture of Fear: Risk-Taking and the Morality of Low Expectations, London, Continuum, 2002.Google Scholar

³⁰ F. Furedi, Therapy Culture: Cultivating Vulnerability in an Uncertain Age, London, Routledge, 2004.Google Scholar

³¹ M. Thatcher, ‘Aids, Education and the Year 2000’, Woman's Own, 23 September 1987.Google Scholar

³² A. Rosenthal, The Decline of Representative Democracy: Process, Participation, and Power in State Legislatures, Washington, DC, Congressional Quarterly Books, 1997.Google Scholar

³³ P. F. Whiteley and P. Seyd, High-Intensity Participation: The Dynamics of Party Activism in Britian, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 2002.Google Scholar

³⁴ POWER Inquiry, Power to the People: An Independent Inquiry into Britain's Democracy, York, JRCT, 2006.Google Scholar

³⁵ M. Saatchi, In Praise of Ideology, London, Centre for Policy Studies, 2006.Google Scholar

³⁶ A. Giddens, Beyond Left and Right: The Future of Radical Politics, Cambridge, Polity, 1994. See also F. Furedi, The Politics of Fear: Beyond Left and Right, London, Continuum, 2006.Google Scholar

³⁷ R. Putnam, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, New York, Simon & Schuster, 2000.Google Scholar

³⁸ R. Sennett, The Fall of Public Man, New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1976.Google Scholar

³⁹ J. Heartfield, The ‘Death of the Subject’ Explained, Sheffield, Perpetuity Press, 2002.Google Scholar

⁴⁰ F. Furedi, Paranoid Parenting: Why Ignoring the Experts May be Best for your Child, London, Allen Lane, 2001.Google Scholar

⁴¹ A. Giddens, Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age, Cambridge, Polity, 1991.Google Scholar

⁴² See for example, C. Hale, Crime in Modern Britiain: Interpreting Trends in Crime, Harlow, Longman Criminology, 1996; D. Garland, The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2001; or Silverman, E. B. and Della-Giustina, J-A., ‘Urban Policing and the Fear of Crime’, Urban Studies, 38: 5–6 (2001) pp. 941–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁴³ Furedi, Culture of Fear.Google Scholar

⁴⁴ U. Beck, Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity, Nottingham, Sage, 1992.Google Scholar

⁴⁵ Better Regulation Commission, Risk, Responsibility and Regulation: Whose Risk is it Anyway?, London, Whitehall, 2006.Google Scholar

⁴⁶ D. L. Altheide, Creating Fear: News and the Construction of Crises, New York, De Gruyter, 2002.Google Scholar

⁴⁷ Furedi, The Politics of Fear.Google Scholar

⁴⁸ J. Morris (ed.), Rethinking Risk and the Precautionary Principle, London, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.Google Scholar

⁴⁹ B. Durodié, ‘The Precautionary Principle – Is it Killing Innovation?’, in S. Kumaria (ed.), An Apology for Capitalism?, London, Profile Books, 2004, pp. 68–77.Google Scholar

⁵⁰ J. Porritt, Playing Safe: Science and the Environment, London, Thames and Hudson, 2001.Google Scholar

⁵¹ B. Durodié, ‘Political Tunnel Vision is Today's Real Terror’, Times Higher Education Supplement, 26 March 2003.Google Scholar

⁵² A. B. Seligman, The Problem of Trust, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2000.Google Scholar

⁵³ Guzelian, C. P., ‘Liability and Fear’, Ohio State Law Journal, 64: 4 (2004), pp. 713–851.Google Scholar

⁵⁴ This is the view of Bob Worcester, the founder of the public polling company MORI.Google Scholar

⁵⁵ Durodié, B., ‘Limitations of Public Dialogue in Science and the Rise of New ‘“Experts”’, Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 6: 4 (2003), pp. 82–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁵⁶ R. W. Dozier, Fear Itself: The Origin and Nature of the Powerful Emotion that Shapes Our Lives and Our World, New York, Thomas Dunne Books, 1998.Google Scholar

⁵⁷ See for example C. Robin, Fear: The History of a Political Idea, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2006; or J. Bourke, Fear: A Cultural History, London, Virago Press, 2005.Google Scholar

⁵⁸ D. L. Scruton (ed.), Sociophobics: The Anthropology of Fear, Boulder, CO, Westview Press, 1986.Google Scholar

⁵⁹ E. L. Quarantelli, What is a Disaster?, London, Routledge, 1998.Google Scholar

⁶⁰ Quarantelli, E. L. and Dynes, R. R., ‘Response to Social Crisis and Disaster’, Annual Review of Sociology, 3: 1 (1977), pp. 23–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁶¹ B. Durodié, ‘Cultural Precursors and Psychological Consequences of Contemporary Western Responses to Acts of Terror’, in S. Wessely and V. Krasnov (eds), Psychological Aspects of the New Terrorism: A NATO Russia Dialogue, Amsterdam, IOS Press, 2005, pp. 37–53.Google Scholar

⁶² Durodié, B. and Wessely, S., ‘Resilience or Panic? The Public and Terrorist Attack’, The Lancet, 360: 9349 (2002), pp. 1901–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

⁶³ F. Furedi, ‘Disaster and Contemporary Consciousness: The Changing Cultural Frame for the Experience of Adversity’, draft report 2004, available at http://www.terrorismresearch.net/finalreports/Furedi/FurediReportFull.pdf.Google Scholar

⁶⁴ R. Dynes, ‘On Disasters and Popular Culture’, University of Delaware Disaster Research Centre Preliminary Paper 295, Newark, University of Delaware, 2000.Google Scholar

⁶⁵ R. M. Titmuss, Problems of Social Policy, Nottingham, HMSO, 1950.Google Scholar

⁶⁶ A. Calder, The Myth of the Blitz, London, Jonathan Cape, 1991.Google Scholar

⁶⁷ Jones, E., Woolven, R., Durodié, B. and Wessely, S., ‘Civilian Morale During the Second World: Responses to Air Raids Re-Examined’, Social History of Medicine, 17: 3 (2004), pp. 463–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁶⁸ Furedi, Therapy Culture.Google Scholar

⁶⁹ Rose, S., Bisson, J., and Wessely, S., ‘A Systematic Review of Single-Session Psychological Interventions (“Debriefing”) Following Trauma’, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 72: 4 (2003), pp. 176–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

⁷⁰ C. Marsden and J. Hyland, ‘Britain: 20 Years Since the Year-Long Miners' Strike’, World Socialist website, 2004, available at http://www.wsws.org/articles/2004/mar2004/mine-m05.shtml.Google Scholar

⁷¹ Glass, T. and Schoch-Spana, M., ‘Bioterrorism and the People: How to Vaccinate a City Against Panic’, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 34: 2 (2002), pp. 217–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

⁷² Hubbard, P., ‘Fear and Loathing at the Multiplex: Everyday Anxiety in the Post-Industrial City’, Capital and Class, 80 (2003), pp. 51–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁷³ Durodié, B., ‘Facing the Possibility of Bioterrorism’, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 15: 3 (2004), pp. 264–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed