Last updated 09/07/24: Online ordering is currently unavailable due to technical issues. We apologise for any delays responding to customers while we resolve this. For further updates please visit our website: https://www.cambridge.org/news-and-insights/technical-incident
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
On the coast of southern Italy, just before the coastline changes its direction from south-west to south-east, there was in ancient times a place where the high mountain range stood back a little, and in front of these mountains a series of semicircular terraces formed a kind of giant's amphitheatre looking out to sea on to the Gulf of Tarentum. At this spot two rivers flowed close together into the sea; their alluvial deposit had built up a small fertile plain, and the route taken by the larger of them down from the mountains pointed to a short cut to the sea on the other side, the Etruscan Sea. Here, in the latter half of the eighth century b.c., a band of settlers from Achaea built a town between the two rivers, which they named, as colonists tend to do, after a river and a spring in their home-land: the larger river they called Krathis, ‘the Mixer’, and the smaller Sybaris, ‘the Gusher’. The newly-built town took its name from the Sybaris. Both these rivers are there to-day; the Krathis is still called the Crati, and the Sybaris, which now flows into the Krathis, is called Coscile.
page 49 note 1 Strab, . vi. 263.Google Scholar
page 49 note 2 Ibid.; Diod, S. xii. 9, 10Google Scholar; cp. Randall-McIver, , Greek Cities in Italy and Sicily, pp. 70, 71.Google Scholar
page 50 note 1 Hdt. v. 45.Google Scholar
page 50 note 2 Id. vi. 21.
page 50 note 3 Diod, S. xii. 10.Google Scholar
page 50 note 4 Id. xiii. 106.
page 50 note 5 Athen, . xv. 669d-e.Google Scholar
page 51 note 1 Aristot, . Rhet. 1405aGoogle Scholar; cp. Athen, . x. 443b; xv. 668e, f, 669a, 702c.Google Scholar
page 51 note 2 Athen, . xiii. 602c.Google Scholar
page 51 note 3 Plut, . Nic. v.Google Scholar
page 51 note 4 Schol. Aristoph. Nub. 332.Google Scholar
page 51 note 5 Diod, S. xii. 10.Google Scholar
page 51 note 6 Dionysius (Plut.); Lampon (Schol. Aristoph.); Lampon and Xenocritus (Diod.).
page 51 note 7 Aristoph, . Nub. 332.Google Scholar
page 51 note 8 Plut, . Pericl, xi.Google Scholar
page 51 note 9 Plut, : [X Orat. 835]Google Scholar; Hal, Dion. Vet. Orat. 100.Google Scholar
page 51 note 10 Pauly-Wiss, ., s.v. ‘Sybaris’, p. 1008Google Scholar. Hill, , Historical Greek Coins, pp. 49–52.Google Scholar
page 51 note 11 e.g. Galli, , Per la Sibaritide, 163Google Scholar. The spring is now called Fonte del Fico.
page 52 note 1 Pauly-Wiss, ., s.v. ‘Thourioi’, p. 651.Google Scholar
page 52 note 2 See Kahrstedt's sketch-map in Pauly-Wiss., s.v. ‘Thourioi’, p. 647.Google Scholar
page 52 note 3 Aristot, . Mir. Ausc. 169.Google Scholar
page 52 note 4 Eur, . Troad. 207 sqq.Google Scholar
page 52 note 5 Strab, . vi. 263.Google Scholar
page 52 note 6 Ap. Ael. N.A. xii. 36.Google Scholar
page 52 note 7 Plin, . N.H. ii. 9.Google Scholar
page 53 note 1 Aristot, . Mir. Ausc. 169Google Scholar; Strab, . vi. 263.Google Scholar
page 53 note 2 Ovid, , Met. xv. 315–16.Google Scholar
page 53 note 3 Lycophron, , Alexandra, 1075 sqq. (trs. A. W. Mair).Google Scholar
page 53 note 4 Ibid. 919.
page 53 note 5 Ael, . N.A. x. 38.Google Scholar
page 53 note 6 Lycus of Rhegium (Müller, , F.H.G. ii. 372. 6).Google Scholar
page 53 note 7 Aristot, . Pol. 1267b.Google Scholar
page 53 note 8 Diod, S. xii. 10.Google Scholar
page 54 note 1 Polemo of Ilium ap. Schol. Pind. Nem. x. 12.Google Scholar
page 54 note 2 1267b.
page 54 note 3 Nub. 332: σοφιστάς θουριομάντεις ίατροτέχνας σφραγιλονυχαργοκομήγας.Google Scholar
page 54 note 4 Hdt, . v. 45.Google Scholar
page 54 note 5 Pauly-Wiss, ., s.v. ‘Charondas’, p. 2180.Google Scholar
page 54 note 6 Diod, S. xii. 11.Google Scholar
page 54 note 7 Athen, . xi. 500aGoogle Scholar. For a full discussion of Zaleucus and his influence see Crispo, C. F., ‘Di Zaleuco e di alcuni tratti della civiltà locrese, in Archivio Storico, per la Calabria e la Lucania, An. v, Fasc. i and ii, 1935; An. vii, Fasc. iii and iv, 1937.Google Scholar
page 55 note 1 Aristot, . Pol. 1303a.Google Scholar
page 55 note 2 ibid. cp. Müller, F.H.G. ii. (p. 175).Google Scholar
page 55 note 3 Diod, S. xii. 11.Google Scholar
page 55 note 4 Ibid. 22.
page 55 note 5 Strab, . vi. 263.Google Scholar
page 55 note 6 Diod, S. xii. 23.Google Scholar
page 56 note 1 Diod, S. xii. 11.Google Scholar
page 56 note 2 Ibid. 35.
page 56 note 3 Athen, . xii. 519dGoogle Scholar; Plin, . N.H. 39. 69Google Scholar; Strab, . vi. 264.Google Scholar
page 56 note 4 Aristot, . Rhet. 1409a.Google Scholar
page 56 note 5 Diog, L. viii. 52Google Scholar; cp. Müller, , F.H.G. ii. 24. 6 (original authority Glaucus of Rhegium).Google Scholar
page 57 note 1 Plat, . Euthydem. 271c; cp. 288a, b.Google Scholar
page 57 note 2 Thuc, . vi. 61.Google Scholar
page 57 note 3 Plut, . Alcib. xxii, xxiii.Google Scholar
page 57 note 4 Diod, S. xiii. 5.Google Scholar
page 57 note 5 Thuc, . vi. 104.Google Scholar
page 58 note 1 Diod, S. xiii. 106.Google Scholar
page 58 note 2 Thuc, . vii. 35.Google Scholar
page 58 note 3 Ibid. 57 11, cf. 33, 5.
page 59 note 1 Paus, . vi. 7. 3Google Scholar; cp. Cic, . Tusc. i. 46. 111Google Scholar; Gk. Anthol. xiii. 11Google Scholar; Thuc, . iii. 8.Google Scholar
page 59 note 2 Paus, . vi. 7. 4.Google Scholar
page 59 note 3 Thuc, . viii. 35.Google Scholar
page 59 note 4 Ibid. 61.
page 59 note 5 Ibid. 83, 84.
page 60 note 1 Xen, . Hell. i. 5. 19Google Scholar; Paus, . vi. 7. 5.Google Scholar
page 60 note 2 Aristot, . Pol. 1307a.Google Scholar
page 60 note 3 Ibid.
page 60 note 4 Diod, S. xii. 12, sqq.Google Scholar
page 60 note 5 Plato, , Laws, 636b.Google Scholar
page 60 note 6 Philostr, . V. Apoll. iii. 15.Google Scholar
page 61 note 1 Athen, . vi. 269fGoogle Scholar; cp. vii. 327d.
page 61 note 2 Id.Epit. ii. 67b; i. 30b.
page 61 note 3 Theophr, . Charact. vii (trs. Jebb).Google Scholar
page 61 note 4 Photius, , Bibl. p. 591. 9Google Scholar (Müller, , F.H.G. ii, p. 754).Google Scholar
page 61 note 5 Diod, S. xv. 7.Google Scholar
page 62 note 1 Diod, S. xvi. 15.Google Scholar
page 62 note 2 Id. xiv. 101; Strab, . vi. 253Google Scholar; Ael, . V.H. xii. 61.Google Scholar
page 62 note 3 Polyaen, . ii. 10. 2, 4Google Scholar; Diod, S. xvi. 15. 2Google Scholar; Plut, . Timol. xvi. 2.Google Scholar
page 62 note 4 Ibid. xvi.
page 62 note 5 Ibid. xix.
page 62 note 6 Strab, . vi. 280.Google Scholar
page 62 note 7 Dion, . Hal, . Hist. xix. 13Google Scholar; Plin, . N.H. xxxiv. 32Google Scholar; Val. Max. i. 8. 6Google Scholar; Strab, . vi. 263Google Scholar; Marcell, Amm. xxiv. 4. 24Google Scholar; Liv, . ep. xi.Google Scholar
page 63 note 1 Hal, Dion.. xix. 13Google Scholar; Liv, . ep. xiGoogle Scholar; Strab, . vi. 263.Google Scholar
page 63 note 2 Appian, , Samn. 7.Google Scholar
page 63 note 3 Id.Hannib. 34.
page 63 note 4 Ibid. 49.
page 63 note 5 Ibid. 57; cp. Liv, . xxv. 7, §11Google Scholar; 15, §§ 7 sqq; xxvii. 1, § 14; 26, § 5. Polyb, . viii. 26. 2.Google Scholar
page 63 note 6 Liv, . xxxiv. 53, §§ 1, 2Google Scholar; xxxv. 9, § 7; Strab, . loc. cit.Google Scholar
page 63 note 7 Strab, . loc. cit.Google Scholar
page 63 note 8 Caes, . Bell. Civ. iii. 22.Google Scholar
page 63 note 9 C.I.L. x. i, p. 18Google Scholar; Cic, . Pro Tull. 14.Google Scholar
page 63 note 10 Appian, , Bell. Civ. v. 56, 58, 62Google Scholar; Suet, . Aug. iii. 7Google Scholar; Flor, . ii. 8. 5.Google Scholar
page 63 note 11 Dio xxxiii. 40. 1.Google Scholar
page 63 note 12 Procop, . Bell. Goth. iii. 28.Google Scholar
page 64 note 1 Kahrstedt, U., Die Lage von Sybaris (1931)Google Scholar; cp. review by Zanotti-Bianco, U. in Archivio Storico per la Calabria e la Lucania, An. ii, Fasc. ii (1932)Google Scholar, and Pauly-Wiss, ., s.v. ‘Thourioi’, p. 651.Google Scholar
