¹ Knox, John in The Interpreter's Bible (New York: Abingdon Press), IX (1954), pp. 357 fGoogle Scholar.

² Roberts, C. H., “The Codex,” in Proceedings of the British Academy, 40 (1954), p. 184Google Scholar; cf. McCown, C. C., “The Earliest Christian Books,” in The Biblical Archaeologist, VI, 2, May 1943, p. 27Google Scholar.

³ Diringer, David, The Hand-Produced Book (New York: Philosophical Library, 1953), p. 33Google Scholar.

⁴ In itself the word membrana simply means skin prepared for writing, or parchment, and it can be used of parchment rolls, but in most cases where it appears in classical Latin it is in a context which requires or permits the meaning of notebook or codex. Roberts, op. cit., p. 174.

⁵ For the evidence of the Christian manuscripts, see Roberts, op. cit., pp. 185–191; McCown, C. C., “Codex and Roll in the New Testament,” in Harvard Theological Review, 34 (1941), pp. 219–250CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

⁶ The same conclusion is now reached by Zuntz, G., The Text of the Epistles (London: The British Academy, 1953), p. 15Google Scholar.

⁷ The Marcionites said that Christ came in the fifteenth year of Tiberius and that Marcion came 115 years and six and one-half months later (Tertullian, Against Marcion I, 19), a date which it may be assumed was that of Marcion's expulsion from the Christian community of Rome and consequent formation of his own church.

⁸ Against Heresies I, xxvii, 2. Cf. Tertullian, On Prescription against Heretics 38: “Marcion expressly and openly used the knife, not the pen, since he made such an excision of the Scriptures as suited his own subject matter.”

⁹ Souter, Alexander, The Text and Canon of the New Testament, 2d ed. rev. by C. S. C. Williams (London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd., 1954), pp. 188–190Google Scholar; Burkitt, F. C., The Gospel History and Its Transmission, 2d ed. (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1907), pp. 353–357Google Scholar.

¹⁰ On the evidence of Epiphanius who put Philippians at the end of the list, it has been held (Knox, John, Marcion and the New Testament [Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1942], p. 45Google Scholar) that Philemon was originally conjoined with Colossians, but the existence of a separate Marcionite prologue to Philemon makes this unlikely. At the most we can only say that in the time of Epiphanius, nearly two centuries after Tertullian, there were Marcionite manuscripts which had the order Epiphanius attests.

¹¹ Knox agrees that it is “perhaps precarious” to argue that Tertullian named the books in the order of his canon (Marcion and the New Testament, p. 44, n. 6).

¹² Folio from Latin folium, leaf; recto, right or front; verso, reverse or left.

¹³ See the table of numerical values of Greek letters in the appendix at the end of this article.

¹⁴ From this point on, the writings of Paul are called epistles, to avoid confusion with references to letters in the sense of alphabetic characters.

¹⁵ Geschichte des neutestamentlichen Kanons II (1890), pp. 392, 395.

¹⁶ “Nouvelles recherches sur la stichométrie,” in Revue de Philologie 2 (1878), pp. 97–143Google Scholar.

¹⁷ Ibid., p. 119.

¹⁸ The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri, Fasc. III Supp., Pauline Epistles, Text (1936), Plates (1937).

¹⁹ See note 16.

²⁰ Stichometry (1893); and in The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge XI, pp. 91–94.

²¹ Johnson, Lewis, “An Unrecognized Factor in New Testament Criticism,” in The Modern Churchman 42 (1952), pp. 112–118Google Scholar.

²² J. Annitage Robinson, Euthaliana (Texts and Studies III, 3,1895).

²³ Souter, op. cit., pp. 194 f.; Zahn, op. cit., II, pp. 157–172.

²⁴ Zahn, op. cit., II, p. 385.