¹ Archives Départmentales du Var (ADVar), II.M.3. Election results by commune. It may be ill-advised of Professor Sandstrom to base some of his calculations on second round voting figures. In the second round electors traditionally behaved quite differently, usually being willing to cast their votes for the ‘least bad’ candidate, a man whom they would never have supported in the first round. It proves very little about either Radicals or Socialists that they advised their supporters to maintain ‘republican discipline’; right-wing Republicans at the time, and Communists since, have behaved no differently. All of my calculations were based on the votes cast in the first round, and I deliberately ignored the 1885 elections because of their unusual and confusing configurations, which were unrepresentative of political life in the period. These two variations in the material employed by Professor Sandstrom and myself perhaps help explain in part our differing conclusions.

² ADVar II. M.3 and Le Cri du Var, 15th 05 1910Google Scholar where this geographical division of support is noted and discussed.

³ Troin's speech is reported in Le Petit Var, 17th 11 1882Google Scholar. Details of the occupational structure of Callian in ADVar XIV. 19.4 (details of the agricultural and industrial structure of each commune in 1885). Population figures in ADVar XI.M.2. 1, D´nombrement de la population 1846–1906.

⁴ Le Petit Var, 10–14 08 1883.Google Scholar

⁵ Le Petit Var, 29 01 1889Google Scholar. The commune in question was Ollioules – later a socialist stronghold.

⁶ Le Cri du Var, 17 07 1904.Google Scholar

⁷ Ibid. 29 November 1908.

⁸ Ibid, 3 October 1909. From the late eighties there are also indications that the Italian Socialist movement was conducting collectivist propaganda among the Piedmontese workers in the Var. The specific role in this region of the ideas of Italian socialism has perhaps been neglected.