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² Menard, Russell R., ‘From servants to slaves: the transformation of the Chesapeake labor system’, Southern Studies, xvi, 4 (1977), 355–90Google Scholar.

³ See especially Menard, Russell R., ‘From servant to freeholder: status mobility and property accumulation in seventeenth-century Maryland’, WMQ, 3rd ser. xxx, 1 (1973), 37–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Carr, Lois Green and Menard, Russell R., ‘Immigration and opportunity: the freedman in early colonial Maryland’, in Tate, Thad W. and Ammerman, David L., eds., The Chesapeake in the seventeenth century: essays on Anglo-American society and politics (Chapel Hill, 1979), pp. 206–42Google Scholar; Walsh, Lorena S., ‘Servitude and opportunity in Charles County, Maryland, 1658–1705’, in Land, Aubrey C. et al. , eds., Law, society, and politics in early Maryland (Baltimore, 1977), pp. 111–33Google Scholar.

⁴ Berthoff, Rowland and Murrin, John M., ‘Feudalism, communalism, and the yeoman freeholder: the American Revolution considered as a social accident’, in Kurtz, Stephen G. and Hutson, James H., eds., Essays on the American Revolution (Chapel Hill, 1973), pp. 256–88Google Scholar.

⁵ Mark, Irving, Agrarian conflicts in Colonial New York, 1711–1775 (Port Washington, 1965 [orig. publ. New York, 1940]), pp. 115–30Google Scholar; Lynd, Staughton, ‘Who should rule at home? Dutchess County, New York, in the American Revolution’, WMQ, 3rd ser. xvni, 3 (1961), 330–59CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

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⁷ The urban crucible: social change, political consciousness, and the origins of the American Revolution (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1979)Google Scholar. See also Smith, Billy G., ‘The material lives of laboring Philadelphians, 1750 to 1800’, WMQ, 3rd ser. xxxvm, 2 (1981), 163–202CrossRefGoogle Scholar.