Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-wxhwt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-13T18:19:09.287Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

University Influence in the Genesis and Growth of Junior Colleges in California

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2017

Hugh Ross
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Historically, the two-year junior college in the United States was a by-product of the campaign waged by a number of German-trained university administrators to remove the first two years of undergraduate instruction from the university curriculum. Because of the lack of a graduate program at American colleges, students in search of the Ph.D. gravitated during the nineteenth century toward German universities, where they were more welcome than in England. In Germany, these young American scholars learned that students did not enter the university until they had completed the equivalent of fourteen years in preparatory schools. As a consequence, the German university was devoted primarily to professional training and research.

Type
Research Article
Information
History of Education Quarterly , Volume 3 , Issue 3 , September 1963 , pp. 143 - 152
Copyright
Copyright © 1963, University of Pittsburgh Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Notes

1. Hillway, Tyrus, The American Two-Year College (New York, 1958), 33–34.Google Scholar

2. Crosby Eels, Walter, The Junior College (Boston, 1931), 45–46.Google Scholar

3. Crosby Eels, Walter, “Abolition of the Lower Division: Early History,” Junior College Journal, VI (January, 1936), 193–195.Google Scholar

4. Smith, Lewis W., “Founding of Early Junior Colleges—President Harper's Influence,” Junior College Journal, XI (May, 1941), 511–521.Google Scholar

5. Eels, , Junior College, 54–55.Google Scholar

6. Political Code Section 1681, Statutes of California, 1907, Chap. 69, p. 88.Google Scholar

7. Spindt, Herman A., “Beginnings of the Junior College in California, 1907–1921,” College and University, XXXIII (Fall, 1957), 22–24.Google Scholar

8. McLane, C. L., “The Junior College or Upward Extension of the High School,” School Review, XXI (March, 1913), 161–170 is a contemporary description by the Fresno Superintendent of Schools.Google Scholar

9. Lange, Alexis F., “The Junior College with Special Reference to California,” Educational Administration and Supervision, II (January, 1916), 2.Google Scholar

10. Cooper, W. J., “The Junior-College Movement in California,” School Review, XXXVI (June, 1928), 413.Google Scholar

11. Committee on Courses of Instruction of the Academic Senate, The Junior College in California (Berkeley, 1915), 8.Google Scholar

12. Lange, , Educational Administration and Supervision, II (January, 1916), 3.Google Scholar

13. Hill, Merton E., “The Junior College Movement in California, 1907–1948,” (unpublished manuscript, University of California Education Library), 58.Google Scholar

14. Committee on Courses of Instruction, Junior College, 14.Google Scholar

15. Ibid., 17.Google Scholar

16. Quoted in Proctor, William, ed., The Junior College (Stanford, 1927), 7.Google Scholar

17. Quoted in McLane, , School Review, XXI (March, 1913), 166.Google Scholar

18. Quoted in Spindt, , College and University, XXXIII (Fall, 1957), 27.Google Scholar

19. Annual Report of the President of Stanford University (Stanford, 1927), 7.Google Scholar

20. Price, Hugh G., “California Public Junior Colleges,” Bulletin of the California State Department of Education, XXVII (February, 1958), 66, 68.Google Scholar

21. Hill, , “Junior College Movement,” 62.Google Scholar

22. Price, , Bulletin of the California State Department of Education, XXVII (February, 1958), 66; Hill, “Junior College Movement,” 58.Google Scholar

23. Report of the Special Legislative Committee on Education (Sacramento, 1920), 76.Google Scholar

24. Eels, , Junior College, 101.Google Scholar

25. A full account is given in Murdock, Margaret M., “Some Effects of Junior College in California on Admission Problems of the University” (unpublished M.A. thesis, University of California Education Library, 1925).Google Scholar

26. The complete text of the standard affiliation agreement prepared by the Office of University Representative in Educational Relations may be found ibid., 103–106.Google Scholar

27. Spindt, Herman A., “Relations of the Junior College and the University of California,” Junior College Journal, XXVI (January, 1956), 267.Google Scholar

28. Lange, , Educational Administration and Supervision, II (January, 1916), 5.Google Scholar

29. Annual Report of the President of the University of California (Berkeley, 1927), 22.Google Scholar

30. Spindt, , Junior College Journal, XXVI (January, 1956), 267.Google Scholar

31. Ibid., 268–270.Google Scholar

32. Price, , Bulletin of the California State Department of Education, XXVII (February, 1958), 51; George E. Dotson, “The Junior College Movement in California,” Educational Administration and Supervision, XLIII (May, 1957), 287.Google Scholar

33. Gordon Sproul, Robert, A Major Policy Pronouncement Regarding Junior College Education (Washington, D. C., 1957), 7.Google Scholar

34. Master Plan Survey Team, A Master Plan for Higher Education in California, 1960–1975 (Berkeley and Sacramento, 1960).Google Scholar

35. Holy, T. C., “California's Master Plan for Higher Education,” Journal of Higher Education, XXXII (January, 1961), 9–16.Google Scholar