Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-5wvtr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-24T02:29:31.488Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Antibody Response to Somatic Antigen of Salmonella typhi in Areas Endemic and Non-Endemic for Typhoid Fever

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Alexander Hirschl ,
Gerold Stanek ,
Manfred L. Rotter ,
Pak Y. Chau  and
Adolf H. Niemetz
Alexander Hirschl*
Affiliation:
Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna, Austria, theDepartment of Microbiology of the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kongand theInstitute of Blood Group Serology of the University of Vienna, Austria
Gerold Stanek
Affiliation:
Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna, Austria, theDepartment of Microbiology of the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kongand theInstitute of Blood Group Serology of the University of Vienna, Austria
Manfred L. Rotter
Affiliation:
Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna, Austria, theDepartment of Microbiology of the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kongand theInstitute of Blood Group Serology of the University of Vienna, Austria
Pak Y. Chau
Affiliation:
Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna, Austria, theDepartment of Microbiology of the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kongand theInstitute of Blood Group Serology of the University of Vienna, Austria
Adolf H. Niemetz
Affiliation:
Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna, Austria, theDepartment of Microbiology of the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kongand theInstitute of Blood Group Serology of the University of Vienna, Austria
*
Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna, Austria
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In sera obtained between the 6th and the 30th day from 16 Austrian and 26 Hong Kong patients with culturally verified typhoid fever, agglutinating antibodies (microagglutination test) at significant titers were detected in 93% of the Austrian (median titer: 640) but in only 50% of the Hong Kong patients (median titer: 240). Similar results (93% and 54% positive sera respectively) were obtained for specific IgM as assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using lipopolysaccharide of S. typhi as antigen (median relative titer: 0.32 and 0.21 respectively). In contrast, specific IgG at significant concentrations were found in only 69% of the Austrian (median relative titer: 0.16) but 88% of the Hong Kong sera (median relative titer: 0.71). The (IgM-detecting) microagglutination test may be sufficiently diagnostic for typhoid fever in nonendemic areas such as Austria. In endemic regions like Hong Kong, however, tests indicative for early specific IgG are indispensable for serological diagnosis of the disease. The ELISA proved useful and is an example for such tests.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 6 , Issue 3 , March 1985 , pp. 110 - 114
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Reynolds, DW, Carpenter, RL, Simon, WH: Diagnostic specificity of Widal's reaction for typhoid fever. JAMA 1970; 214:2192–2193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2. Sansone, P, Saslaw, MS, Henneken, CH Jr: High titer Widal reaction. JAMA 1972; 220:1615–1616.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Schroeder, SA: Interpretation of serologic tests for typhoid fever. JAMA 1968; 206:839–840.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Protell, RL, Soloway, RD, Martin, WJ, et al: Anti-salmonella agglutinins in chronic active liver disease. Lancet 1971; 1:330–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Levine, MM, Grados, O, Gilman, RH, et al: Diagnostic value of the Widal test in areas endemic for typhoid fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1978; 27:795–800.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Stuart, BM, Pullen, RJ: Typhoid: Clinical analysis of three hundred and sixty cases. Arch intern Med 1946; 78:629–661.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Chernokhvostova, EK, Luxemburg, KI, Starshinova, V, et al: Study on the production of IgG-, IgA- and IgM-antibodies to somatic antigens of salmonella typhi in humans. Clin Exp Immunol 1969; 4:407–421.Google Scholar
8. Kumar, K, Malaviya, AN, Murthy, RGS, et al: Immunological study of typhoid: Immunoglobulins, C3, antibodies and leukocyte migration inhibition in patients with typhoid fever and TAB vaccinated individuals. Infect Immun 1974; 10:1219–1225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Chau, PY, Ng, MH: Differential agglutination of particulate Vi and O antigens by the IgM and IgG class antibodies. Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci 1978; 56:39–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Beasley, WJ, Joseph, SW, Weiss, E: Improved serodiagnosis of salmonella enteric fevers by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 1981; 13:106–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11. Hirschl, A, Stanek, G, Rotter, M, et al: Vergleich von ELISA (Lipopolysaccharid) und Widal-Reaktion (O-Antigen) in der Diagnose von Salmonellen-Infektionen. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A] 1983; 255:247–257.Google Scholar
12. Tsang, RSW, Chau, PY, Lam, SK, et al: Antibody response to the lipopolysaccharide and protein antigens of salmonella typhi during typhoid fever. I. Measurement of serum antibodies by radioimmunoassay. Clin Exp Immunol 1981; 46:508–514.Google Scholar
13. Chau, PY, Tsang, RSW, Lam, SK, et al: Antibody response to the lipopolysaccharide and protein antigens of S. typhi during typhoid infection. II. Measurement of intestinal antibodies by radioimmunoassay. Clin Exp Immunol 1981; 46:515–520.Google Scholar
14. Barsoum, IS, Awad, AY: Microliter plate agglutination test for salmonella antibodies. Appl Environ Microbiol 1972; 23:425–426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Brunner, H, Miksch, H, Sziegoleit, D: Vergleich von Röhrchen-und Mikrotiter-Agglutination zum Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen Salmonellen und Brucellen. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A] 1975; 230:458–460.Google Scholar
16. Osler, AG, Mulligan, JJ Jr, Rodriguez, E: Weight estimates of rabbit anti-human serum albumin based on antigen binding and precipitin analyses: Specific haemagglutinating activities of 7S and 19S components. J Immunol 1966; 96:334–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Lospalluto, J, Miller, WE, Dorward, B, et al: The formation of macroglobulin antibodies. I. Studies on adult humans. J Clin Invest 1962;41:1415–1421.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Fink, CW, Miller, W, Dorward, B, et al: The formation of macroglobulin antibodies. II. Studies on neonatal infants and older children. J Clin Invest 1962; 41:1422–1428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. Carlsson, HE, Lindberg, AA, Hammarström, S: Titration of antibodies to salmonella O antigens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Infect Immun 1972; 6:703–708.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Carlsson, HE, Lindberg, AA, Hammarström, S, et al: Quantitation of salmonella O-antibodies in human sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1975; 48:485–494.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21. Svenungsson, B, Jörbeck, H, Lindberg, AA: Diagnosis of salmonella infections: Specificity of indirect immunofluorescence for rapid identification of Salmonella enteritidis and usefulness of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Infect Dis 1979; 140:927–936.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Karlsson, K, Carlsson, HE, Neringer, R, et al: Application and usefulness of enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of Salmonella typhi murium infection. Scand J Infect Dis 1980; 12:41–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar