Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-7drxs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-19T02:14:19.175Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A multi-octave microwave 6-bit true time delay with low amplitude and delay variation in 65 nm CMOS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2021

Yakov Gutkin ,
Asher Madjar Open the ORCID record for Asher Madjar [Opens in a new window]  and
Emanuel Cohen
Yakov Gutkin
Affiliation:
Electrical Engineering Department, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Asher Madjar*
Affiliation:
Electrical Engineering Department, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Emanuel Cohen
Affiliation:
Electrical Engineering Department, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
*
Author for correspondence: Asher Madjar, E-mail: asher.madjar@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In this paper, we describe the design, layout, and performance of a 6-bit TTD (true time delay) chip operating over the entire band of 2–18 GHz. The 1.15 mm2 chip is implemented using TSMC foundry 65 nm technology. The least significant bit is 1 ps. The design is based on the concept of all-pass network with some modifications intended to reduce the number of unit cells. Thus, the first three bits are implemented in a single delay cell. A peaking buffer amplifier between bit 4 and bit 5 is used for impedance matching and partial compensation of the insertion loss slope. The rms delay error of the TTD is <1 ps over most of the frequency band and insertion loss is between 2.5 and 6.3 dB for all 64 states.

Keywords

Monolithicphased arrayRFICtrue time delaywidebandall pass network
Type
Active Circuits
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 14 , Issue 4 , May 2022 , pp. 407 - 416
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ghaderi, E, Ramani, AS, Rahimi, AA, Heo, D, Shekhar, S and Gupta, S (2019) An integrated discrete-time delay-compensating technique for large-array beamformers. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I 66, 3296–3306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carosi, D, Cesarotti, F, Lasaponara, L, Marescialli, L and Rapisarda, S (2011) Delay control in wideband front-end components for multi-role/multi-domain phased array systems, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tian, Y, Lee, K and Wang, H (2014) A 390 ps on wafer true time delay line developed by a novel micro-coax technology. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chu, T, Roderick, J and Hashemi, H (2007) An integrated ultra-wideband timed array receiver in 0.13 um CMOS using a path-sharing true time delay architecture. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 42, 2834–2850.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cho, M-K, Han, J-H, Kim, J-H and Kim, J-G (2014) An X/Ku-band bi-directional true time delay T/R chipset in 0.13 µm CMOS technology, IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Symp. Dig., June 2014, pp. 1–3.Google Scholar
Ma, Q, Leenaerts, D and Baltus, P (2015) Silicon-based true-time-delay phased-array front-ends at Ka-band. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Technique 63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Park, S and Jeon, S (2013) A 15–40 GHz CMOS true-time delay circuit for UWB multi-antenna systems. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garakoui, SK, Klumperink, EAM, Nauta, B and van Vliet, FE (2015) Compact cascadable g m-C all-pass true time delay cell with reduced delay variation over frequency. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 50, 693–703.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zolkov, E, Madjar, A, Weiss, R and Cohen, E (2020) Analysis and design of N-path true-time-delay circuit. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Technique.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willms, JG, Ouacha, A, de Boer, L and van Vliet, FE (2000) A wideband GaAs 6-bit true time delay MMIC employing on-chip digital drivers, European Microwave Conference, 2000.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, F and Mouthaan, K (2015) A 1–20GHz 400 ps true-time delay with small delay error in 0.13m CMOS for broadband phased array antennas, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 2015.Google Scholar
Jung, M, Yoon, H-J and Min, B-W (2015) A wideband true-time-delay phase shifter with 100% fractional bandwidth using 28 nm CMOS, 2020 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jung, M and Min, B-W (2020) A compact 3–30-GHz 68.5-ps CMOS true-time delay for wideband phased array systems. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Technique 68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, W, Cho, G and Hong, S (2019) Ka-band 5-bit TTD phase shifter with miniaturized equivalent delay lines, 2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mandal, J and Mandal, MK (2019) Computer-aided design of a switchable true time delay (TTD) line with shunt open-stubs. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits And Systems 38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feng, H (2014) Implementation of CMOS RF Circuits with Octave and Multi octave Bandwidth for Phased Array Antennas, Ph.D. thesis, National University of Singapore, Electrical and Computer Engineering, August 2014.Google Scholar
Slimane, A, Haddad, F and Bourdel, S (2014) Compact inductorless CMOS low noise amplifier for reconfigurable radio. Electronics Letters 50, 892–893.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Souza, M, Mariano, A and Taris, T (2017) Reconfigurable inductorless wideband CMOS LNA for wireless communications. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems–I 64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar