^{page 282 note 1} Quotation from a paper by William H. Hallman, made available to me through the courtesy of Professor T. Cuyler Young, Senior.

^{page 282 note 2} At the plenary session of the First Annual Meeting of MESA, held at Chicago, Illinois, on 8−9 December 1967.

^{page 282 note 3} Browne, E. G., ‘The Persian Constitutional Movement’, Proceedings of the British Academy, vol. 8, p. 312.Google Scholar

^{page 283 note 1} Hafez, Farman-Farmayan, ‘The Politics of Iran during the 1960s’, Conference on ‘Iran in the 1960s’, Columbia University 6−9 11 1968, p. 4. (Hereinafter quoted as ‘Farman-Farmayan’).Google Scholar

^{page 283 note 2} Leonard, Binder, ‘The Proofs of Islam: Religion and Politics in Iran’, in Arabic and Islamic Studies in Honor of H. A. R. Gibb. (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.. 1965), p. 121.Google Scholar

^{page 284 note 1} Ibid. pp. 127–8.

^{page 284 note 2} Manfred, Halpern, Dialectics of Continuity, Change, Collaboration, Conflict and Justice in Traditional Muslim Societies, a paper presented to the Plenary session of the Second Annual Meeting of the Middle East Studies Association, 11 1968.Google Scholar

^{page 285 note 1} James, A. Bill, Iran: The Safavi and Pahlavi Political Systems, a paper delivered at the Second Annual Conference of the MESA, 11 1968, p. 3.Google Scholar

^{page 285 note 2} Halpern, , op. cit. p. 9.Google Scholar

^{page 285 note 3} Roger, M. Savory, The Evolution of the Safavid State (to be published shortly).Google Scholar

^{page 285 note 4} Bill, J. A., op. cit. p. 31.Google Scholar

^{page 286 note 1} Amin, Banani, The Modernization of Iran 1921–1941 (Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1961), p. 42.Google Scholar

^{page 287 note 1} Lambton, A. K. S., ‘Dustûr’, Encyclopaedia of Islam, new edition, vol. 2, p. 653.Google Scholar

^{page 290 note 1} Lambton, A. K. S., ‘Rural Reconstruction: Land Reform and the Role of the Rural Co-operative Societies’, a paper presented to the Conference on Iran in the 1960's, Columbia University, 6−9 11 1968, p. 5. (Hereinafter referred to as Lambton, ‘Land Reform’.)Google Scholar

^{page 290 note 2} Lambton, , ‘Land Reform’, p. 5.Google Scholar

^{page 290 note 3} Farman-Farmayan, , p. 4.Google Scholar

^{page 290 note 4} Ibid. p. 9.

^{page 290 note 5} Ibid.

^{page 290 note 6} Ibid.

^{page 291 note 1} Sepehr, Zabih, The Communist Movement in Iran (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1966), p. 236.Google Scholar

^{page 292 note 1} Norman, Jacobs, The Sociology of Development (Praeger, New York, 1966), p. 220. (Hereinafter referred to as Jacobs.)Google Scholar

^{page 293 note 1} See Savory, R. M., ‘Persian Nationalism’, in Cambridge History of Islam, vol. I (Cambridge University Press, 1970), pp. 617–26.Google Scholar

^{page 293 note 2} Farman-Farmayan, , p. 24.Google Scholar

^{page 293 note 3} Lambton, , ‘Land Reform’, p. 7.Google Scholar

^{page 293 note 4} Farman-Farmayan, , p. 14.Google Scholar

^{page 294 note 1} Ibid. pp. 13–14.

^{page 294 note 2} See Marvin Zonis's recent work on this subject.

^{page 294 note 3} Arberry, A. J. (ed.), Fifty Poems of Höfiz (Cambridge, 1953), p. 31.Google Scholar

^{page 294 note 4} Ibid.

^{page 295 note 1} Ibid.

^{page 295 note 2} Elie, Kedourie, Nationalism, p. 87.Google Scholar

^{page 295 note 3} Gholam, Hossein Razi, ‘Religion and Politics in Iran’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, U.C.L.A. 1957), p. 167.Google Scholar

^{page 295 note 4} Ibid. p. 342.

^{page 295 note 5} Wilber, D. N., Contemporary Iran (London, 1963), p. 89.Google Scholar

^{page 296 note 1} Razi, , op. cit. p. 319.Google Scholar

^{page 296 note 2} Rouhallah, K. Ramazani, The Foreign Policy of Iran, 1500–1941 (Charlottesville, Va., 1966), p. 118.Google Scholar

^{page 296 note 3} Farman-Farmayan, , p. 15.Google Scholar

^{page 296 note 4} Ibid.

^{page 297 note 1} Ibid. p. 21.

^{page 297 note 2} Ibid. p. 23.

^{page 297 note 3} McLachlan, K. S., ‘Land Reform’, The Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 1, pp. 684–713, esp. p. 690.Google Scholar

^{page 297 note 4} Farman-Farmayan, , p. 4.Google Scholar

^{page 297 note 5} Ibid. p. 25.

^{page 298 note 1} Ibid. p. 26.

^{page 300 note 1} See Lambton, , ‘Land Reform’, pp. 26 ff.;Google ScholarJacobs, , p. 476.Google Scholar

^{page 300 note 2} Lambton, , ‘Land Reform’, p. 29.Google Scholar

^{page 300 note 3} Farman-Farmayan, , pp. 26–8.Google Scholar

^{page 300 note 4} Ibid. p. 30.

^{page 301 note 1} Jacobs, , p. 234.Google Scholar

^{page 301 note 2} Farman-Farmayan, , p. 33.Google Scholar

^{page 301 note 3} Charles, Issawi, ‘Iran's Economic Upsurge’, Middle East Journal, vol. 21 (1967), p. 448.Google Scholar

^{page 302 note 1} Sepehr, Zabih, The Communist Party in Iran, p. 233.Google Scholar

^{page 302 note 2} Ibid. p. 244.

^{page 302 note 3} Farman-Farmayan, , p. 33.Google Scholar