Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-rvbq7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-09T10:21:40.391Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The biologies of Aedes caspius (Pallas) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) in Dubai

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

M. W. Service
M. W. Service
Affiliation:
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Department of Medical Entomology, Liverpool L3 5QA, England
Get access

Abstract

Entomological investigations in Dubai showed that, irrespective of whether they had been fed on water or 10% sugar solution, about 47% of Aedes caspius females matured eggs autogenously during their first ovarian cycle. Several blood-fed females were trapped in cages, and precipitin tests showed that some had fed on birds and camels as well as man.

Absence of autogeny combined with an examination of male terminalia showed that adults of the Culex pipiens complex were in fact Culex quinquefasciatus. The population was unusual because females were not inseminated when kept in cages, and appeared only weakly anthropophagie. CDC light traps and out of door resting cages proved useful in sampling adults. Precipitin tests showed 31.7% to have fed on birds, 7.9% on camels and only 3.2% on humans.

The number of eggs matured by Ae. caspius and Cx. quinquefasciatus were determined, and studies were made on the hatching pattern of Ae. caspius eggs. Larval habitats of Ae. caspius were unusual in having high concentrations of calcium chloride. Breeding places of Cx. quinquefasciatus comprised very polluted waters. Collections of the immature stages allowed the construction of stage-specific age-frequency histograms for both species, and survivorship curves to be plotted.

Résumé

Des études entomologiques á Dubai ont montré qu'environ 47% des femelles d' Aedes caspius maturaient leurs oefs de façon autogène au cours de leur premier cycle ovarien, indépendamment due fait qu'elles aient été nourries avec de l'eau ou une solution sucrée à 10%. Des cages de repos externes ont permis de capturer plusieurs adultes d'Ae. caspius et des tests de precipitines ont montré que le sang ingéré provenait aussi bien d'oiseaux et de chameaux que de l'homme.

L'absence d'autogénie et l'examen de l'appareil copulateur des mâles a montré que les adultes du complexe Culex pipiens étaient en fait des Culex quinquefasciatus. Cette population est inhabituelle car les femelles n'étaient apparamment pas inséminées en captivité et ne semblaient etre que faiblement anthropophagiques. Des pièges lumineux de type CDC et des cages de repos externes ont été utilisées pour la capture des adultes. Les tests de precipitines ont montré que le sang ingéré provenaient d'oiseaux dans 31.7% des cas, de chameaux dans 7.9%, des cas et seulement dans 3.2% des cas de l'homme.

Le nombre d'oeufs matures d'Ae. caspius et de Cx. quinquefasciatus ont été déterminés et le mécanisme d'éclosion des oeufs d'Ae. caspius a été étudié. Les habitats larvaires d'Ae. caspius étaient inhabituels du fait qu'ils présentaient des concentrations élevées de chlorure de calcium. Les sites de developpement de Cx. quinquefasciatus comprenaient des eaux très pollulées. La récolte de stades immatures a permis la construction d'histogrammes de spécificité de stade et de fréquence d'âge pour les deux espèces, et d'effectuer des courbes de survie.

Keywords

Mosquitoesautogenylarval mortalitieschlorinitieslight trapsegg hatchingAedes caspiusCulex quinquefasciatusMoustiquesautogènesalinitépièges lumineuxéclosion des oeufsAedes caspiusCulex quinquefasciatus
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , February 1986 , pp. 11 - 18
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abdel-Malek, A. A. and Adham, F. K. (1974) Larval and adult diets as factors influencing autogeny in Aedes caspius (Diptera). Acta ent. bohem. 71, 294–297.Google Scholar
Buchatskii, L. P. and Raikova, A. P. (1978) A study of larvae of the mosquito Aedes caspius caspius infected with iridescence virus. Vop. Virus. 3, 366–369. (In Russian).Google Scholar
Chinaev, P. P. (1964) On the autogenous development of exophilous mosquitoes in Uzbekistan. Zool. Zh. 43, 939–940.Google Scholar
Christophers, S. R. (1911) The development of the egg follicle in anophelines. Paludism 2, 73–89.Google Scholar
Coluzzi, M., Di Deco, M. and Gironi, A. (1975) Influenza del fotoperiodo sulla scelta del luogo di ovideposizione in Aedes mariae (Diptera, Culicidae). Parassitologia 17, 121–130.Google Scholar
Detinova, T. S. (1945) The determination of the physiological age of females of Anopheles by changes in the tracheal system of the ovaries. Medskaya. Parazit. 14, 45–49. (In Russian.)Google ScholarPubMed
Gabinaud, A. (1975) Ecologie de deux Aedes halophiles du littoral méditerreen français. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius (Pallas, 1771). Aedes (Ochlerotatus) detritus (Haliday, 1833) (Nematocera-Culicidae). Unpublished thesis, Univ. Sci. and Technol. of Languedoc, Montpellier.Google Scholar
Itô, Y. (1961) Factors that affect the fluctuations of animal numbers, with special reference to insect outbreaks. Bull. natn. Inst. agric. Sci. Ser. C, 537–540.Google Scholar
Karapetyan, A. B. and Babayants, G. A. (1972) The autogenous development of mosquitoes in Turkmenia. Proc. 13th Int. Congr. Ent., Moscow (1968), Vol. 3, pp. 183–184. (In Russian.)Google Scholar
Lakhani, K. H. and Service, M. W. (1974) Estimated mortalities of the immature stages of Aedes cantans (Meigen) (Dipt., Culicidae) in a natural habitat. Bull. ent. Res. 64, 265–276.Google Scholar
Mattingly, P. F. and Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. 4, 92–141.Google Scholar
Moussiegt, O. (1981) Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius (Pallas, 1771). Bibliographie. Document E.l.D. No. 45, Montpellier. (Mimeographed document.)Google Scholar
Nielsen, E. T. and Nielsen, H. T. (1958) Observations on mosquitoes in Iraq. Ent. Medd. 28, 282–321.Google Scholar
Rajagopalan, P. K., Yasuno, M. and Menon, P. K. B. (1976) Density effect on survival of immature stages of Culex pipiens fatigans in breeding sites in Delhi villages. Ind. J. med. Res. 64, 688–708.Google ScholarPubMed
Rioux, J. S. (1961) Contribution a l'étude des culicides (Diptera-Culicidae) du Nord-Tchad, pp. 53–92 in Mission epidemiologie au Nord-Tchad, Comité Coord. Sci. Sahara, Arts Métiers Graph., France.Google Scholar
Rioux, J. S., Cousserans, J., Croset, H., Ben Osman, F., Gabinaud, A., Sinègre, G. and Belmonte, A. (1975) Présence du caractère autogène chez Aedes pullatus (Coquillet, 1904) et nouvelles localisations geographiques pour Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771), Aedes mariae (Sergent et Sergent, 1903), Aedes detritus (Haliday, 1833) et Culiseta subochrea (Edwards, 1921). Annls Parasit, hum. comp. 50, 131–133.Google Scholar
Sinègre, G. (1974) Contribution a l'étude physiologique d'Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius (Pallas, 1771) (Nematocera-Culicidae). Eclosion-Dormance-Developpment-Fertilité. Unpublished thesis, Univ. Sci. Technol. of Languedoc, Montpellier.Google Scholar
Sundararaman, S. (1949) Biometrical studies on integradation in the genitalia of certain populations of Culex pipiens and Culex quinquefasciatus in the United States. Am. J. Hyg. 50, 307–314.Google Scholar