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Management of Chilo spp. on sugar-cane with notes on mating disruption studies with the synthetic sex pheromone of C. sacchariphagus in Mauritius

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

A. Rajabalee
A. Rajabalee
Affiliation:
Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Reduit, Mauritius
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Abstract

Chilo spp. are among the most important stem borers of sugar-cane in the Old World. Chemical control is not very effective mainly because of the concealed habit of the borer larvae. Efforts have therefore mostly been directed to alternative methods of control such as cultural practices, varietal resistance, biological control and the use of sex pheromones. Varieties are not normally bred for borer resistance but very susceptible ones tend to eliminate themselves at the early stages of selection. Susceptibility is normally assessed on promising and released varieties. Classical introduction of exotic parasites has more or less reached a saturation point and biological control tends to be oriented towards the possible use of new or cross-bred strains. The importance of entomopathogens as a control component against Chilo spp. needs further studies. A great potential exists in the use of sex pheromones mainly as a means to disrupt mating, as shown by the promising results obtained through trials carried out in various countries. It is very important that the various methods of pest control available be used in combination with one another, taking into account the natural limiting factors of the environment. This would be an important contributing factor towards an objective of optimum yield at minimum cost in the management of Chilo spp. on sugarcane.

Résumé

Différentes espèces de Chilo figurent parmi les foreurs importants de la canne à sucre. L'inéfficacité du contrôle chimique a renforcé l'importance de la lutte intégrée permettant ainsi l'usage plus prononcé des pratiques culturales appropriées et des variétés tolérantes, du contrôle biologique et des phéromones sexuelles. Les variétés très susceptibles aux foreurs s'éliminent automatiquement au début des programmes de sélection tandis que les nouvelles variétés prometteuses sont examinées pour déterminer leur tolérance face à l'insecte. L'introduction classique d'entomophages semble avoir atteint un point de saturation et l'usage de races exotiques ou races croisées donne des résultats encourageants. L'importance d'entomopathogenes est méconnue et mérite d'être étudiée plus profondément. Les résultats encourageants obtenus avec des phéromones sexuelles, surtout en ce qui concerne la confusion sexuelle des mâles (lutte ethologique), démontrent que des possibilités réelles de contrôle existent dans ce domaine. Ces différentes méthodes de contrôle doivent être complémentaires entre elles et au contrôle naturel déja existant avec pour objectif un coût minimal pour un rendement optimal de la culture.

Keywords

Chilo spp.distributioneconomic importancecultural practicesbiological controlchemical controltrappingmating disruptionsex pheromonespest managementChilo spp.distributionimportance économiquepratiques culturalescontrole biologiquecontrole chimiquepiegeageconfusion pheromones sexuelleslutte intégrée
Type
Integrated Pest Management
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Special Issue 4-5: Tropical Stem Borers of Graminaceous Crops: A New Synthesis , October 1990 , pp. 825 - 836
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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