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Rearing, developmental biology and host plant range of the rice skipper Pelopidas mathias(F.)(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

James A. Litsinger ,
Vichien Bumroongsri ,
Wendell L. Morril  and
Ouab Sarnthoy
James A. Litsinger
Affiliation:
Entomology Division, International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines
Vichien Bumroongsri
Affiliation:
Entomology and Zoology Division, Department of Agriculture, Bangkhen, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Wendell L. Morril
Affiliation:
Entomology Research Laboratory, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
Ouab Sarnthoy
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Kasetsart University Bangkhen, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Abstract

When reared in the greenhouse, the rice skipper, Pelopidas mathias (F.) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), laid 2–3 times fewer eggs than Held collected females held under the same conditions. Adult-emergence and mating/oviposition cages may have to be placed in environmental chambers with controlled temperature and photoperiod to achieve normal mating and oviposition. Rearing required a mating'oviposition-cage at least 3 m3 in volume and honey as sustenance. Eggs and larvae were held in larval rearing cages and pupae were removed and held in adult emergence cages. Maximum oviposition occurred at dawn. The total developmental period from egg to adult was 34.7 days. P. mathias demonstrated a greater oviposition preference for rice and Paspalum conjugatum Berg, than for Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. P. mathias successfully developed to adulthood on all 24 species of Poaceae tested, exclusive of rice, but did not survive on the six species of Cyperaceae tested. Low populations of P. mathias in rice can be attributed to its low fecundity, wide host range, and equal adaptability to upland and lowland environments, thus diluting its number.

Résumé

Dans l'elevage de l'hesperide du riz Pelopidas mathias (F.) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), il est difficile d'atteindre un accouplement et une fécondité normaux. Des chambres climatisées avec une photoperiode et des temperatures controllées peuvent etre nécessaires. Sous conditions de serre, l'oviposition de P. mathias etait de 2 a 3 fois moindre que dans la nature. L'élevage exigait une case d'accouplement/d'oviposition d'au moins de 3 m3 de volume et du miel comme nourriture. Les oeufs et les larves ont été maintenus dans les cages d'élevage tandisque les crysalides ont été enlevées et suspendues dans les cages d'émergence des adultes. L'oviposition maximale a eu lieu pendant la crépuscule. La periode totale du developpement oeuf-adulte était de 34,7 jours. P. mathias a montré une grande préference d'oviposition sur le riz et sur le Paspalum conjugatum Berg. que sur le Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. P. mathias s' est developpé avec succés jusqu' au stade l'adolescence sur toutes les 24 espéces de gramineés testeés mais il s'est creuvé completement sur les 6 espéces de Cyperacées. Les faibles populations de P. mathias sur le riz peuvent être attribuées àá la faible fécondité, à une large gamme de plante hôtes et à une adaptabilite égale aux environnements du riz pluvial et du riz de bas-fond, ainsi de diluer son abondance.

Keywords

Ricebiologyrearinghost plant rangeRizbiologieélevagegamme de plante-hôtes
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , February 1994 , pp. 9 - 17
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1994

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