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Repellent and insecticidal activities of Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae) leaf essential oil against four stored-grain coleopteran pests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 December 2009

A.K. Tripathi  and
Shikha Upadhyay
A.K. Tripathi*
Affiliation:
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow226015, India
Shikha Upadhyay
Affiliation:
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow226015, India
*
*E-mail: dr.arunktripathi@rediffmail.com; arunktripathi@yahoo.co.in
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Abstract

We evaluated the contact toxicity, fumigant toxicity and repellency of the essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) leaves against adults of four stored-product coleopteran pests, namely Callosobruchus maculatus (Bruchidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Bostrychidae), Sitophilus oryzae (Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Tenebrionidae). Four major compounds were identified in the oil by gas chromatography: sabinene (41.0%), terpinen-4-ol (12.31%), β-pinene (10.0%) and β-caryophyllene (8.0%). Oil concentrations of 0.05–2.0% were tested on adult coleopterans for contact toxicity by topical application. Repellency was evaluated at 0.4–18.3 mg/cm2 concentrations using an area preference test, whereas fumigant toxicity of the oil was tested both in air and admixed with grain at 1–50 μl/l air and 25–100 μl/l, respectively. Persistence of the oil admixed with grain was tested at 0.1–2.5% concentrations for a period of 40 days. Percentage repellence ranged from 20.0 to 94.7% at 5 h against the test insects at the highest dose tested (18.3 mg/cm2). Adults of C. maculatus were the most susceptible in both contact and fumigant toxicity assays, with an LD50 value of 57.0 μg/mg weight of insect and an LC50 value of 4.7 mg/l air, respectively. The oil had low persistence. H. suaveolens leaf essential oil may have potential as an alternative to the synthetic pesticides used in the treatment of grain in storage.

Keywords

stored graincoleopteran pestsHyptis suaveolens essential oilcontact toxicityfumigant toxicityrepellence
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , December 2009 , pp. 219 - 228
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2009

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