Human rights — Fair trial — Right of appeal — Excluded by statute for proceedings before Constitutional Court relating to acts of ministers — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966, Article 14(5) — Reservation by Italy regarding proceedings before Constitutional Court — Validity — Applicability — Enforcement and remedies — General right to a remedy — Optional Protocol, Article 2(3)

International Tribunals — United Nations Human Rights Committee — Jurisdiction — Whether competent to pronounce on constitutionality of municipal laws — Exclusion of jurisdiction in respect of matters already submitted to other international tribunals — Scope of exclusion

Treaties — Reservations — Human rights treaties — Italian reservation to International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 — Validity — Interpretation — Whether narrow interpretation appropriate