State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Alleged violations of jus cogens — War crimes — Crimes against humanity — Claims for damages for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in the forum State — Whether defendant State immune — General provision for immunity — Whether exception for jus cogens violation — Whether Italian courts having jurisdiction

State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Italian Constitution — Non-reviewability of custom as construed by International Court of Justice — Whether Italian law incorporating custom compatible with Constitution — Whether restriction of fundamental rights proportionate — Whether custom transposed into Italian law

State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Italian Constitution — Whether Italian statute ratifying United Nations Charter constitutional — Whether Italian statute requiring compliance with rulings of International Court of Justice constitutional — Whether sacrifice of fundamental rights proportionate — Whether domestic exception for atypical sovereign functions — The law of Italy