A Study of Naturally Infected Field Cases of Avian Typhoid. H. C. Gauger. North Carolina Station Technical Bulletin, No. 53, 1937.

Studies on seven fatal and eight carrier cases of avian typhoid contracted under natural conditions are reported, the details being given in numerous tables. “The external symptoms in the naturally infected field cases as received in various stages of the disease did not vary to any marked extent [from] external symptoms already recorded by other workers. It was possible to recover S[almonella] gallinarum from the blood stream with relative frequency during the fastigial or high fever stage of the disease…. Cases under study yielded S. gallinarum in droppings during the stages of fastigium, decline, and convalescence, indicating the possibility of the perpetuation of S. gallinarum infection of the premises by birds in these stages of the disease. In these studies S. gallinarum was present in relatively large numbers in the fluids of the eyes, posterior nares, and pharynx during the fastigial stage….