^{page 111 note 1} The basis of this paper was a communication given to the Rencontre Assyriologique in Paris, 1954. (5901).

^{page 112 note 1} Metropolitan Museum Bulletin, 04 1952, p. 233ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 113 ntoe 1} From Hancar, , Eurasia Septentrionalis Antiqua, IX, fig. 22Google Scholar.

^{page 113 note 2} See Iraq XII, Pt. I, Pls. VI, XX.

^{page 113 note 3} Ebert, ; Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte 13, pl. 34 BGoogle Scholar. See on this Jacobstal, , Greek. Pins, 74, n. 2Google Scholar.

^{page 113 note 4} Eurasia Septentrionalis Antiqua, XII.

^{page 114 note 1} Barnett, & Watson, , Iraq XIV, pt. 2, p. 154Google Scholar.

^{page 114 note 2} Height 19 cms. Diam. 28–5 cms. Se Ancient Art in American Private Collections) 1954 (Fogg Art Museum) Cambridge, Mass., pt. xxviiiGoogle Scholar.

^{page 114 note 3} Basitan-i-Shenas (Teheran) 1951, pl. opp. p. 67; cf. pl. opp. p. 70Google Scholar.

^{page 114 note 4} von Luschan and Andrae Ausgrabungen in Send-schirli V., pl. 57.

^{page 115 note 1} Woolley, , A.J. VI., 379Google Scholar.

^{page 115 note 2} Extracts from Sir Leonard Woolley's Publications of the Excavations at Ur, Vol. IX: Neo-Babylonian and Persian Graves and their Contents.

“The graves were dug from floors not all by any means from the same horizontal plane to depths which varied with the whim of the grave-diggers…. The Cassite period merged almost insensibly into the Neo-Babylonian, and there is no obvious reason why the latter should have been distinguished by any innovation … This a priori likelihood is borne out by the facts.

“Type 6 consists of oval larnax burials. The coffin is of clay with straight sides and rounded ends, the bottom flat…. We found two such coffins made of copper (P. 1 and P. 2) …

“Note: The Persian copper coffins of graves P.1 and P. 2 were actually inside rough brick vaults.

“The Cassite houses … were razed and above their ruins new buildings on entirely different lines were erected. They are dated by the tablets found with them to the reigns of Nabopolassar and Nebuchadnezzar. The houses were re-used and in part re-modelled in Persian times, when the levels of their floors also were raised, and the tablets found in these higher rooms take us down through the Persian age to the twelfth year of Alexander the Great. It is obvious that all graves which are concealed beneath the pavements of the earlier houses and are related to them must be of the late Neo-Babylonian time. All graves which lie above or are cut through those pavements must belong to Persian houses…. There were 27 burials in the square-ended coffins which can safely be assigned to the Persian period and there were 15 inhumation or pot burials whose relation to walls and floors made it seem certain that they too were Persian. Thirty graves lay so far below the Neo-Babylonian floors that in the field notes they were confidently labelled Neo-Babylonian.

“All that can be said is that already by the beginning of the Neo-Babylonian period glazed clay vessels are fairly common in the Ur graves and in the Persian period they are very numerous.

“One thing which distinguishes the Persian from the Neo-Babylonian graves is the common occurrence in the former of the bow fibula”.

^{page 115 note 3} The catalogue of contents is:—

P.1. (C.G.I) glazed pot, type 99 (Fig. 3): beads, U.6676 (Pl. XVII); gold ear-ring, U.6677 (Pl. XVII): two fibulae (U.6679), bone comb.

V.2. (C.G.2) glazed pot, U.6667 (Fig. 4): beads, U.6678 (Pl. XVII): gold ear-rings U. 6680–1 (Pl. XVII): mirror U.6668; 2 bow fibulae U.6683 (Pl. XVII); bangle; copper bowl, gadrooned, U.6666; wooden bowlU.6665 and box and basket (the wooden bowl was oval (0·065m × 0·045m.) with two lug handles, but was too perished for even a drawing; the box and basket were represented by only three fragments.

It must be noted that Sir Leonard Woolley in a letter to me (15.xi.53) doubts the attribution of these coffins to a pre-Achaemenid period: “As regards date: every coffin with one flat and one rounded end that could be dated by external evidence—i.e., by relation to dated buildings—belonged to the Persian period. (The type runs on till the fourth century B.C. as is shown by our having seal-impressions and casts of Attic coins (see Legrain, , Ur Ex. Vol. X)Google Scholar.) Each of the copper coffins contained two fibulae. We found fibulae very commonly in Persian graves (i.e., coffins of this shape) but only two examples in coffins attributed to the late Babylonian period. You must disregard my first impressions of date which were due to the coffin-shaft being dug down into Kassite remains—so I put them to the next period: this must be revised in the light of later evidence, and the position of the coffins only means that the grave being an important one was set rather deeper down than usual.

“This is as much as I can say, but it would seem to me rash to give the two coffins an earlier date than Persian. The typological evidence for Ur is very strong and would scarcely be affected by different evidence on other sites”.

^{page 116 note 1} Syria IV, 194 to 201Google Scholar.

^{page 116 note 2} Reuther, Merkez, pls. 62–72.