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Perché le politiche cambiano: il caso dei trasporti

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2018

Mauro Tebaldi

Introduzione

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Il tema del policy change è da tempo al centro di un articolato dibattito intorno al quale si confrontano gli argomenti di chi, come l'autore di queste note, ritiene che il problema vada ben inquadrato in sede teorica avanti qualsivoglia indagine sui processi evolutivi delle politiche pubbliche. Sebbene assai poco frequentato dai cultori della scienza politica, il settore delle politiche dei trasporti richiama un campo di attività pubblica oltremodo rilevante, la cui esplorazione sistematica, alla luce degli studi sinora condotti, solleva questioni di ordine teorico e metodologico particolarmente salienti per l'analisi comparativa del policy change.

Summary

Summary

Most theoretical reflections on policy change are connected to the weak generalisation that policy network stability deeply affects the stability of the policy process and its outcomes as a whole. As a result we could expect policy inertia when inter-organisational relations are principally characterised by strong ties among consolidated and stable sets of actors. Changes of the policy paradigm could eventually intervene when exogenous factors alter the inner balances of the policy network. This analysis focused on transport policy in five nations shows that the paradigm shift from the nationalisation to the liberalisation of collective transports represented a shared governmental priority during the '90s. Nevertheless, changes of the policy paradigm happened only in those countries where transport policies were highly institutionalised while they were less evident or totally ineffective in cases of low policy institutionalisation. This finding strengthens the hypothesis which considers endogenous factors, rather than exogenous ones, as key variables for policy change and the institutionalisation of public policies as a crucial process to understand their variance.

Type
Ricerche
Information
Italian Political Science Review / Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica , Volume 29 , Issue 1 , April 1999 , pp. 121 - 155
Copyright
Copyright © Societ Italiana di Scienza Politica 

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