¹ “Anarchial fallacies”, in Works, ed. Bowring, vol. 2, 501.

² E.g., Section 24 of the Republican Constitution, 1963 (which deals with freedom of conscience) provides in sub-section 4 that “Nothing in this section shall invalidate any law that is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society—(a) in the interest of defence, public safety, public order, public morality.…”

³ Freedom under the Law, 1949, 5.

^{page 214 note 1} Infra, p. 215.

^{page 214 note 2} Government Notice No. 147, Federal Government Gazette, 1966.

^{page 214 note 3} Government Notice No. 148.

^{page 214 note 4} The Major-General did not say by whom he was invested with authority. Presumably he was referring to the Federal Ministers (Cabinet without the Prime Minister) who met and asked him to take over the administration of the country.

^{page 214 note 5} See the comments of A.O.O. on “Challenging the validity of Decrees and Edicts”, (1967), Nigerian Bar Journal, 55.

^{page 215 note 1} Supra, p. 214.

^{page 215 note 2} Constitution (Suspension and Modification), Decree No. 9, 1966, S.1(1).

^{page 215 note 3} Ibralebbe v. The Queen, [1964] A.C. 900, at p. 923. Liyanage v. The Queen, [1967] A.C. 259, at p. 272.

^{page 215 note 4} Constitution (Suspension and Modification) Decree, 1966, s.3(4).

^{page 215 note 5} Kansas v. Colorado, 206 U.S. 46 (1907) and see the Schedule to the Republican Constitution, 1963, parts 1 and 11 dealing with Exclusive and Concurrent Legislative Lists respectively.

^{page 215 note 6} Fifteen Decrees concerning detentions were issued in 1966. See State Security (Detentionof Persons) Decree, Nos. 1–15, 1966.

^{page 216 note 1} State Security (Detention of Persons) Decree, 1966, s.6.

^{page 216 note 2} This provision has been extended to other cases of detention by the State Security (Detention of Persons), Decrees, Nos. 8, 39, and 40, 1966, s.2.

^{page 216 note 3} Constitution (Suspension and Modification) Decree, 1966, s.6.

^{page 216 note 4} Infra, p. 217.

^{page 216 note 5} (1967), 8 Nigerian Bar Journal, 59.

^{page 216 note 6} Western Nigeria Edict, No. 15, 1967.

^{page 216 note 7} Decree No. 1, 1966, s.3(4) provides that where there is a conflict between a decree and an edict, the former shall prevail.

^{page 217 note 1} Inra

^{page 217 note 2} Cases of deprivation of personal rights could not be challenged because of the provisions of section 6 of the State Security (Detention of Persons) Decree, 1966, which suspended chapter III of the Federal Constitution.

^{page 217 note 3} (1765) St. Tr. 1030.

^{page 217 note 4} R. v. Halliday ex parte Zadig, [1917] A.C. 206; Liversidge v. Anderson, [1942] A.C. 206.

^{page 217 note 5} Suit No. M/22/69 (unreported, p.4). See also Rabbe v. Inspector-General of Police and ors., Lagos State Suit No. M/197/69 and In re Olayore & ors., Lagos State Suit No. M/196/69 (all unreported cases).

^{page 217 note 6} s.6.

^{page 217 note 7} Emphasis supplied.

^{page 218 note 1} Liversidge v. Anderson, [1942] A.C. 206; Mojeed Agbaje v. Commissioner of Police, Western State, CAW/81/69 (unreported).

^{page 218 note 2} Singh v. Delhi, 16, Sup. Ct. Journal, 326.

^{page 218 note 3} Mojeed Agbaje v. Commissioner of Police, Western State Suit No. M/22/69, 8 (unreported).

^{page 219 note 1} (1967), 8 Nigerian Bar Journal, 87.

^{page 219 note 2} (1961), 1 All N.L.R. 604.

^{page 219 note 3} Jackson v. Gowon, (1967), 8 Nigerian Bar Journal, 87, at p. 91.

^{page 219 note 4} (Emphasis supplied). The Western State Court of Appeal in Lakanmi v. Att.-Gen. Western State, CAW/35/68 (unreported) interpreted the word “Decree” to mean any Decree whether it contains a constitutional amendment or not.

^{page 219 note 5} Constitution (Suspension and Modification) Decree, 1966, s.4(1).

^{page 220 note 1} Suit No. CAW/35/68 (unreported).

^{page 220 note 2} Supra, p. 218.

^{page 220 note 3} Forfeiture of Assets, etc. (Validation) Decree, 1968.

^{page 220 note 4} Supra, p. 218.

^{page 221 note 1} Adejumo Kester, President, Western State Court of Appeal, ibid.; Lakanmi v. Att.-Gen.Western State, Suit No. CAW/35/68.

^{page 221 note 2} [1917] A.C. 260.

^{page 222 note 1} The Detention Orders (Bar to Certain Civil Proceedings) Decree, 1969.

^{page 222 note 2} This does not necessarily mean that the Federal Military Government interferes with the administration of justice.

^{page 222 note 3} Lagos State Suit No. M/196/69 (unreported).

^{page 223 note 1} The Forfeiture of Assets, etc. (Validation) Decree, 1968.

^{page 223 note 2} Lakanmi v. Att.-Gen., Western State, Suit No. SC58/69 (unreported), 33–34.

^{page 223 note 3} Decree No. 28, May 9th, 1970.