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Genome-wide association study for resistance to cassava root rot

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 October 2017

A. C. BRITO ,
S. A. S. OLIVEIRA  and
E. J. OLIVEIRA
A. C. BRITO
Affiliation:
Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Rua da Embrapa, Caixa Postal 007, Zip Code 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
S. A. S. OLIVEIRA
Affiliation:
Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Rua da Embrapa, Caixa Postal 007, Zip Code 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Campus Cruz das Almas, Zip Code 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
E. J. OLIVEIRA*
Affiliation:
Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Rua da Embrapa, Caixa Postal 007, Zip Code 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Campus Cruz das Almas, Zip Code 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: eder.oliveira@embrapa.br
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Summary

Cassava root rot (CRR) disease associated with a complex of soil pathogens has caused great yield losses in the crop. The objective of the current work was to obtain insights about the genetic architecture of CRR resistance caused by Fusarium (dry root rot – DRR), Phytophthora (soft root rot – SRR) and Botryosphaeriaceae (black root rot – BRR) species, using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Phenotyping data of 263 accessions (artificial inoculation) and 14 094 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (missing data <0·10 and minor allele frequency >0·05) were used. The severity of CRR in peel and pulp was variable among accessions, but the pathogens that caused DRR were more aggressive. Broad-sense heritability ($h_g^2 $) was of medium magnitude for all groups of resistances for pathogens, with variation from 0·16 ± 0·019 (Fspp Pulp) to 0·31 ± 0·028 (Fspp Peel). The kinship matrix was used to correct for stratification as well as for clustering the accessions. Overall, this analysis showed that there was no relationship between agronomic traits and resistance to CRR and the four clusters obtained from kinship matrix. The GWAS identified 38 significant SNPs, of which eight and 22 are related to the severity of DRR in the pulp and peel, respectively. The other eight SNPs were associated with SRR-peel (1), SRR-pulp (1), BRR-peel (3) and BRR-pulp (3). Half of the SNPs associated with CRR resistance have functional annotations related to defence and response to pathogen attack as well as general cellular processes. The current study revealed that resistance to CRR is controlled by multiple loci with small effects, and significant SNPs can be used to identify putative genes that control these traits.

Type
Crops and Soils Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 155 , Issue 9 , November 2017 , pp. 1424 - 1441
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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