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Use of fluorescence-based sensors to determine the nitrogen status of paddy rice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2013

J. W. LI ,
J. X. ZHANG ,
Z. ZHAO ,
X. D. LEI ,
X. L. XU ,
X. X. LU ,
D. L. WENG ,
Y. GAO  and
L. K. CAO
J. W. LI
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), China Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Shanghai Academy of Environment Science, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
J. X. ZHANG
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), China Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
Z. ZHAO
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), China Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
X. D. LEI
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), China Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
X. L. XU
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), China Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
X. X. LU
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), China Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
D. L. WENG
Affiliation:
Qingpu Modern Agricultural Park, Shanghai 201717, People's Republic of China
Y. GAO
Affiliation:
Channel Technology Group Ltd., Shanghai 201611, People's Republic of China
L. K. CAO*
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), China Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: clk@sjtu.edu.cn
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Summary

The environmental concern about diffuse pollution from nitrogen (N) fertilizers has led to increased research on the diagnosis of crop N status. The SPAD chlorophyll (Chl) meter is the most commonly used tool for rice (Oryza sativa L.) N status diagnosis, but measurements are conducted at a specific point and readings are affected by different leaf positions. Many measurements per plant must be taken in order to increase the accuracy of N status diagnosis, which limits its application. The present paper attempts to determine rice N status at the canopy level using Multiplex®, a new hand-held optical fluorescence sensor. The fluorescence emission of rice leaves under light excitation was utilized by Multiplex® to non-destructively assess rice leaf Chl and phenolic compound content. A field experiment was conducted in 2011 using a completely randomized split-plot design, with main-plot treatments being six N fertilizer application rates and subplot treatments being different plant densities. Leaf Chl and phenolic compounds were evaluated using the ratio of far-red fluorescence (FRF) to red fluorescence (RF) emission under red light excitation (simple fluorescence ratio, SFR_R) (R2 = 0·35, P < 0·01) and the ratio of decadic logarithm of red to ultra-violet (UV) fluorescence emission (R2 = 0·30, P < 0·01), respectively. Both SPAD reading and fluorescence-based indices including flavonoids (FLAV), nitrogen balance index (NBI_R) and SFR_R could be used to predict rice leaf N contents. The canopy FLAV, SFR_R and NBI_R were all highly correlated to average SPAD readings (R2 > 0·70 in most cases, P < 0·01). Therefore, Multiplex® can be used as an alternative to SPAD to determine rice N status in paddy fields.

Type
Crops and Soils Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 151 , Issue 6 , December 2013 , pp. 862 - 871
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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