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Relationships of grain carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and ash content with yield and quality in dry bean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 November 2010

J. T. TSIALTAS*
Affiliation:
National Agricultural Research Foundation, Cotton and Industrial Plants Institute, 574 00 Sindos, Greece
I. I. PAPADOPOULOS
Affiliation:
Technological Education Institute of Western Macedonia, Branch of Florina, 531 00 Florina, Greece
E. G. TAMOUTSIDIS
Affiliation:
Technological Education Institute of Western Macedonia, Branch of Florina, 531 00 Florina, Greece
I. S. TOKATLIDIS
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Pantazidou 193, 682 00 Orestiada, Greece
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: tsialtas01@windowslive.com

Summary

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a traditional crop of north-western Macedonia, Greece, where two landraces (plaki Prespas and Chrisoupoli) in particular are grown. The aim of this study was to test whether the grain carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and ash content (ASH) are related to grain yield (GY), protein content (PC) and mean grain weight (MGW) in dry bean. As a part of a honeycomb selection programme, 21 genotypes (19 lines derived via intra-landrace honeycomb selection for single plant yield at low density plus the two original populations) were grown at two densities, 1·2 and 4·8 plants/m2 under non-limiting water conditions in a glasshouse and in the field. Genotypes differed significantly for Δ, ASH and PC under the low density. In the dense stand, genotypes differed significantly only for ASH and PC. The environment (glasshouse or field conditions) affected all the traits significantly. Neither Δ nor ASH showed strong or consistent relationships with GY and thus, they cannot serve as reliable, indirect selection criteria for GY. Strong, negative relationships between Δ and PC were found especially in the dense stand, confirming analogous results in C3 cereals. Inconsistent genotypic ranking for grain physiological traits under the different densities and environments was indicative of large genotype×environment interaction. Genotypes performed consistently for GY and MGW under both densities, showing the strong stability of these traits.

Type
Crops and Soils
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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