Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-75dct Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-01T16:52:29.425Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Height, age, and function: differing influences on children's comprehension of ‘younger’ and ‘older’*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 September 2008

Stan A. Kuczaj II
Affiliation:
Department of PsychologySouthern Methodist University
Amy R. Lederberg
Affiliation:
Institute of Child DevelopmentUniversity of Minnesota

Abstract

Three investigations of pre-school children's comprehension of younger and older are discussed. The results suggest that children focus on height (or the lack of the same) in their initial hypotheses about the meanings of the terms, ignoring age and/or function cues. The results also suggest that the acquisition of antonyms which may be characterized as marked–unmarked is not necessarily characterized by the child equating the meaning of the marked and unmarked terms prior to learning the correct meaning of the marked term. These findings are discussed in terms of recent theorizing about lexical-meaning acquisition.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1977

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Barclay, J. R. (1971). The role of comprehension in remembering sentences. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota.Google Scholar
Bierwisch, M. (1967). Some semantic universals of German adjectivals. FL 3. 136.Google Scholar
Bierwisch, M. (1970). Semantics. In Lyons, J. (ed.), New horizons in linguistics. Baltimore: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Bloom, L. (1974). Talking, understanding, and thinking. In Schiefelbusch, R. & Lloyd, L. (ed.), Language perspectives: acquisition, retardation, and intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press.Google Scholar
Bowerman, M. (1974). Discussion summary – development of concepts underlying language. In Schiefelbusch, R. & Lloyd, L. (eds), Language perspectives: acquisition, retardation, and intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press.Google Scholar
Bransford, J., Barclay, J. & Franks, J. (1972). Sentence memory: a constructive versus interpretive approach. CogPsych 3. 193209.Google Scholar
Bransford, J. & Franks, J. (1972). The abstraction of linguistic ideas: a review. Cognition 1. 211–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brewer, W. & Stone, J. (1975). Acquisition of spatial antonym pairs. JExpChPsych 19. 299307.Google Scholar
Brown, A. (1975). The development of memory: knowing, knowing about knowing, and knowing how to know. In Reese, H. (ed.), Advances in child development and behavior, Vol. 10. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Clark, E. (1971). On the child's acquisition of antonyms in two semantic fields. JVLVB 10. 266–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, E. (1973 a). Non-linguistic strategies and the acquisition of word-meanings. Cognition 2. 161–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, E. (1973 b). What's in a word? On the child's acquisition of semantics in his first language. In Moore, T. (ed.), Cognitive development and the acquisition of language. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Clark, E. (1974). Some aspects of the conceptual basis for first language acquisition. In Schiefelbusch, R. & Lloyd, L. (eds), Language perspectives: acquisition, retardation and intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press.Google Scholar
Clark, E. & Garnica, O. (1974). Is he coming or going? On the acquisition of deictic verbs. JVLVB 13. 559–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, H. (1970). The primitive nature of children's relational concepts. In Hayes, J. (ed.), Cognition and the development of language. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Clark, H. (1973). Space, time, semantics, and the child. In Moore, T. (ed.), Cognitive development and the acquisition of language. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Donaldson, M. & McGarrigle, J. (1974). Some clues to the nature of semantic development. JChLang 1. 185–94.Google Scholar
Edwards, D. (1972). Sensory-motor intelligence and semantic relations in early child grammar. Cognition 2. 395434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eilers, R., Oller, D. & Ellington, J. (1974). The acquisition of word-meaning for dimensional adjectives: the long and short of it. JChLang 1. 195204.Google Scholar
Frederiksen, C. (1975). Acquisition of semantic information from discourse: effects of repeated exposures. JVLVB 14. 158–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haviland, S. & Clark, E. (1974). ‘This man's father is my father's son’: a study of the acquisition of English kin terms. JChLang 1. 2348.Google Scholar
Huttenlocher, J. (1974). The origins of language comprehension. In Solso, R. (ed.), Theories in cognitive psychology. Potomac, Md: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Jakobson, R. (1971). Why ‘mama’ and ‘papa’? In Bar-Adon, A. & Leopold, W. (eds), Child language: a book of readings. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Jenkins, J. (1974). Remember that old theory of memory? Well, forget it! AmPsych 29. 785–95.Google Scholar
Kaplan, R. (1975). On process models for sentence analysis. In Norman, D. & Rumel-hart, D. (eds), Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Kessen, W. & Nelson, K. (1974). What the child brings to language. Paper presented at the Fourth Annual Symposium of the Jean Piaget Society,Philadelphia. Pa.Google Scholar
Klatzky, R., Clark, E., & Macken, M. (1973). Asymmetries in the acquisition of polar adjectives: linguistic or conceptual? JExpChPsych 16. 3246.Google Scholar
Kratochwill, T. & Goldman, J. (1973). Developmental changes in children's judgments of age. DevPsych 9. 358–62.Google Scholar
Kuczaj, S. (1975). On the acquisition of a semantic system. JVLVB 14. 340–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuczaj, S. & Maratsos, M. (1975). On the acquisition of front, back, and side. ChDev 46. 202–10.Google Scholar
Looft, W. (1971). Children's judgments of age. ChDev 42. 1282–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Looft, W., Rayman, J. & Rayman, B. (1972). Children's judgments of age in Sarawak. JSocPsych 86. 181–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Lumsden, E. & Poteat, B. (1968). The salience of the vertical dimension in the concept of ‘bigger’ in five-and six-year-olds. JVLVB 7. 404–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacNamara, J. (1972). Cognitive basis of language learning in infants. PsychRev 79. 114.Google ScholarPubMed
Maratsos, M. (1973). Decrease in preschool children's understanding of the word big. ChDev 4. 747–52.Google Scholar
Maratsos, M. (1974). When is a high thing the big one? DevPsych 10. 367–75.Google Scholar
Maratsos, M. (in press). Disorganization in thought and word. In Shaw, R. & Bransford, J. (eds), Acting, perceiving and comprehending: toward an ecological psychology. Hillsdale, N.J.:Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Maratsos, M. (1976). The use of definite and indefinite reference in young children. Cambridge; C.U.P.Google Scholar
McKay, D. (1969). Information, mechanism and meaning. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, K. (1973). Structure and strategy in learning to talk. Monogr. Soc. Res. Ch. Devel. 38. No 149.Google Scholar
Nelson, K. (1974). Concept, word, and sentence: interrelations in acquisition and development. PsychRev 81. 267–85.Google Scholar
Nelson, K. & Benedict, H. (1974). The comprehension of relative, absolute, and contrastive adjectives by young children. JPsycholingRes 3. 333–42.Google Scholar
Nelson, K. & Bonvillian, J. (1973). Concepts and words in the 18-month-old: acquiring concept names under controlled conditions. Cognition 2. 435–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norman, K. & Rumelhart, D. (1975). Memory and knowledge. In Norman, D. & Rumelhart, D. (eds), Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Paris, S. (1975). Developmental changes in constructive memory abilities. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development,Denver.Google Scholar
Paris, S. & Carter, A. (1973). Semantic and constructive aspects of sentence memory in children. DevPsych 9. 109–13.Google Scholar
Paris, S. & Mahoney, G. (1974). Cognitive integration in children's memory for sentences and pictures. ChDev 45. 633–42.Google ScholarPubMed
Piaget, J. (1927). The child's conception of time. New York: Ballantine.Google Scholar
Rumelhart, D. & Norman, D. (1975). The active structural network. In Norman, D. & Rumelhart, D. (eds), Explorations in cognition. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Schlesinger, I. (1974). Relational concepts underlying language. In Schiefelbusch, R. & Lloyd, L. (eds), Language perspectives acquisition, retardation and intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press.Google Scholar
Shaw, R. & Wilson, B. (in press). Generative conceptual knowledge. In Klahr, D. (ed.), Cognition and instruction. 10th Annual Carnegie–Mellon Symposium on Information Processing. Hillsdale, N. J.: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Slobin, D. (1973). Cognitive prerequisites for the development of grammar. In Ferguson, C. & Slobin, D. (eds), Studies of child language development. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.Google Scholar
Strohner, H. & Nelson, K. E. (1974). The young child's development of sentence comprehension: influence of event probability, nonverbal context, syntactic form, and strategies. ChDev 45. 567–76.Google Scholar
Winograd, T. (1973). A procedural model of language understanding. In Schank, R. & Colby, K. (eds), Computer models of thought and language. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar