The Lay Catholics of England in the reign of Charles I

K. J. Lindley

doi:10.1017/S0022046900058322

The Lay Catholics of England in the reign of Charles I

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 March 2011

K. J. Lindley

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K. J. Lindley: Affiliation:
Lecturer in History, New University of Ulster (Magee University College), Londonderry

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Recent studies of English Catholicism from the accession of Elizabeth i onwards demonstrate quite clearly the value and necessity of intensive studies of Catholicism at the local level. H. Aveling's detailed studies of Catholicism in the Yorkshire Ridings are excellent examples of the way in which local studies have contributed to a fuller understanding of how and why Catholicism survived in England after the Reformation. The present study of the Catholic laity under Charles i is based upon an investigation of Catholicism in London and eight counties, drawing mainly upon central sources. The counties have been chosen with the object of including as much variety as possible, both in geographical region and in the state of Catholicism in the country as a whole. Not only have counties with a large and, in some cases, flourishing Catholic survival been selected, but counties where Catholics formed a tiny, and even dwindling minority have also been included. If these local studies are a reasonable sample of the country as a whole, in both extent and variety, then they could be regarded as anindication of the national picture.

Type: Articles
Information: The Journal of Ecclesiastical History , Volume 22 , Issue 3 , July 1971 , pp. 199 - 221

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022046900058322 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1971

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References

^{page 199 note 1} Aveling, H., Post-Reformation Catholicism in East Yorkshire, 1558–1790, York 1960Google Scholar; id., The Catholic recusants of the West Riding of Yorkshire, 1558–1790, Leeds 1963; id., Northern Catholics: the Catholic recusants of the North Riding of Yorkshire, 1558–1790, London 1966.

^{page 199 note 2} P[ublic] R[ecord] O[ffice], S[tate] Pfapers] Dom[estic], 16/495.

^{page 200 note 1} Ibid., 349, fol. 116.

^{page 200 note 2} Ibid., 22, fol. 112; 534., fol. 501; 122, fol. 48.

^{page 200 note 3} Ibid., 12, fol. 8; 229, fol. 131; 68, fol. 8; 534, fol. 50; C [ommons ] J [oumals ], iii. 273; Foure Wonderfull Plots Discovered, London 1642.

^{page 200 note 4} F. H. Pugh, ‘Monmouthshire recusants in the reigns of Elizabeth and James i’, South Wales and Monmouthshire Record Society, iv. 60; Magee, B., TTie English Recusants, London 1938, 201Google Scholar.

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^{page 200 note 7} P.R.O., E. 179/131, 312, 314, 317, 319.

^{page 201 note 1} Lambeth Palace Library, Lambeth MS. 943, fol. 268.

^{page 201 note 2} P.R.O., S.P.Dom. 16/478, fol. 69.

^{page 201 note 3} P.R.O., E. 377/48.

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^{page 202 note 1} P.R.O., E. 179/214. 294, 388, 391; 179/215. 406, 418, 441.

^{page 202 note 2} H. Aveling, The Catholic recusants of the West Riding of Yorkshire, 242.

^{page 202 note 3} P.R.O., E. 179/209, 358.

^{page 202 note 4} P.R.O., E. 179/209, 348, 350, 351.

^{page 202 note 5} H. Aveling, Post-Reformation Catholicism in East Yorkshire, 35, 46.

^{page 202 note 6} Ibid., 35; P.R.O., E. 179/205, 464; 179/204, 449.

^{page 202 note 7} P.R.O., E. 179/218, 209, 210.

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^{page 203 note 1} P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/478, fol. 69.

^{page 203 note 2} J. Wake (ed.), ‘Quarter Sessions records of the county of Northampton, 1630, 1657, 1657–8’, Northamptonshire Record Society, i. xxxiv; Victoria] C[ounty] H[istory], Northamptonshire, ii. 43.

^{page 203 note 3} P.R.O..S.P. Dom. 16/478, fol. 69.

^{page 203 note 4} Ibid.

^{page 204 note 1} Lambeth Palace Library, Lambeth MS. 943, fols. 248, 268, 277.

^{page 204 note 2} P.R.O..S.P. Dom. 16/21, fol. 23; Ibid., 122, fols. 48, 54; Ibid., 495, fol. 46; Ibid., 123, fol. 12; Ibid., 229, fol. 131.

^{page 204 note 3} Ibid., 495, fols. 10, 34.

^{page 204 note 4} L [ord's ] J[ournal ], iv. 86.

^{page 205 note 1} House of Lords Archives, 8 April 1642: a return of the Irish resident in the Liberty of the Rolls in the county of Middlesex.

^{page 205 note 2} Ibid., September 23, 1645: petition of George Geldorpe to the House of Lords.

^{page 205 note 3} Ibid., August 26, 1642: petition of Bartholomew de Montague; P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/122, fol. 48.

^{page 205 note 4} Cal [endar of ] S[tate ] P[apers] Ven[etian], 1629–32, 304; Cal[endar of] S[tate] P[apers] Dom[estic], 1629–31, 209.

^{page 205 note 5} Cal. S.P. Ven., 1640–2, 154; Ibid., 1653–4, 2 I 5 L.J., v. 52.

^{page 205 note 6} P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/435, fol. 77.

^{page 206 note 1} Clarendon, History of the Great Rebellion, ed. W. D. Macray, Oxford 1888, i. 194; L.J., v. 687.

^{page 206 note 2} L.J., iv. 151; J. C. Jeaffreson (ed.), Middlesex Sessions Records, London 1888, iii. 172–3.

^{page 206 note 3} F. H. Pugh, op. cit., 64.

^{page 206 note 4} J. E. Paul, ‘Hampshire recusants in the reign of Elizabeth 1, with some reference to the problem of the church-papists’ (University of Southampton Ph.D. thesis, unpublished, 1958), 137; Gasquet, F. A., Hampshire Recusants: a Story of their Troubles in the Time of Queen Elizabeth, London 1895, 44Google Scholar.

^{page 207 note 1} H. Aveling (ed.), “The recusancy papers of the Meynell family’, Catholic Record Society, lvi. xxiii–xxiv.

^{page 207 note 2} P.R.O., E. 377/37.

^{page 207 note 3} P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/99, fol. 19.

^{page 207 note 4} H. Aveling, ‘The marriages of Catholic recusants’, in this Journal, xiv (1963) 83.

^{page 207 note 5} Id., Post-Reformation Catholicism in East Yorkshire, 33.

^{page 208 note 1} P.R.O..S.P. Dom. 16/385, fol. 81; 185, fol. 52.

^{page 208 note 2} Ibid., 261, fols. 245–6.

^{page 208 note 3} Ibid., 254, fols. 177–8.

^{page 208 note 4} C.J., i. 84i.

^{page 208 note 5} P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/390, fol. 129.

^{page 208 note 6} C.J., i. 828.

^{page 209 note 1} Lambeth Palace Library, Lambeth MS. 943, fol. 269.

^{page 209 note 2} B. Magee, op. cit., 83, 85, 113.

^{page 209 note 3} Ibid., 161; Jordan, W. K., The Development of Religious Toleration in England, London 1932–4Google Scholar, ii. 182–5; Beales, A-C. F., Education under penalty: English Catholic Education from the Reformation to the fall of James II, 1547–1689, London 1963, 97Google Scholar.

^{page 209 note 4} Havran, M. J., The Catholics in Caroline England, London 1962, vii, 91Google Scholar; Aylmer, G. E., The Struggle for the Constitution, London 1965, 89Google Scholar.

^{page 209 note 5} Prynne, W., The Popish Royall Favourite, London 1643Google Scholar; Vindiciae Caroli Regis: or, A Loyall Vindication of the King. In Answer to The Popish Royall Favorite, London 1645Google Scholar.

^{page 210 note 1} For a fuller discussion of the actual operation of the recusancy laws see H. Aveling's introduction to ‘Documents relating to the northern commissions for compounding with recusants, 1627–1642’, Catholic Record Society, liii. 292–5.

^{page 210 note 2} H. Aveling, art. cit., 293; B. Magee, op. cit., 77–80.

^{page 210 note 3} W. Prynne, op. cit., I.

^{page 210 note 4} P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/437, fol. 67; Vindiciae Caroli Regis, 6.

^{page 210 note 5} B. Magee, op. cit., 102; H. Aveling, art. cit., 295; C. J., i. 932.

^{page 210 note 6} A Briefe Declaration of all the Penall Statute now in force against the Recusants of this Kingdome, London 1643, 7Google Scholar.

^{page 211 note 1} P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/450, fol. 108.

^{page 211 note 2} H. Aveling, art. cit., 293, 295–303.

^{page 211 note 3} Rushworth, J., Historical Collections, London 1692, ii. 247Google Scholar.

^{page 211 note 4} Westminster Archives, Archbishop's House: MSS. Archivi Westmonasteriensis, xxviii (1635–6), 411.

^{page 212 note 1} H. Aveling, art. cit., 307.

^{page 212 note 2} Dietz, F. G., English Public Finance, 1485–1641, London 1964, ii. 251–2Google Scholar; Clarendon, i. 63.

^{page 212 note 3} J. Rushworth, op. cit., viii. 27, 69–70.

^{page 212 note 4} Westminster Archives, Archbishop's House: Stonyhurst MS. 102.

^{page 212 note 5} J. Rushworth, op. cit., ii. 247; Ibid., viii. 654.

^{page 212 note 6} M. J. Havran, op. cit., 148–9; A. C. F. Beales, op. cit., 99; Knowler, W. (ed.), The Earl of Stratford's Letters and Dispatches, London 1739, ii. 74, 170Google Scholar.

^{page 213 note 1} Vindiciae Caroli Regis, 59.

^{page 213 note 2} W. K. Jordan, op. cit., ii. 172; M. J. Havran, op. cit., 62, 70.

^{page 213 note 3} His Majesties Message to both Houses, concerning disbanding of both Armies, and His Majesties relume to both Houses of Parliament, Oxford 1643Google Scholar.

^{page 213 note 4} M. J. Havran, op. cit., 92, 97; Reid, R. R., The King's Council in the North, London 1921, 426Google Scholar; W. Knowler, op. cit., i. 129.

^{page 213 note 5} Vindiciae Caroli Regis, 14.

^{page 213 note 6} P.R.O., S.P. Dom. 16/437, fol. 66.

^{page 213 note 7} P.R.O., E. 351/415–25.

^{page 214 note 1} Ibid.

^{page 214 note 2} H. Aveling, The Catholic recusants of the West Riding of Yorkshire, 232; J. T. Cliffe, ‘The Yorkshire gentry on the eve of the Civil War’ (University of London Ph.D. thesis, unpublished, 1960), 277; M. J. Havran, op. cit., 97.

^{page 214 note 3} Cal.S.P.Dom. 1636–7, 207.

^{page 214 note 4} G. H. Tupling, ‘Causes of the Civil War in Lancashire’, Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society, lxv. 28, 30.

^{page 214 note 5} M. J. Havran, op. cit., 155–6; Albion, G., Charles I and the Court of Rome, Louvain 1935, 335Google Scholar.

^{page 214 note 6} See below, 219–20.

^{page 215 note 1} P.R.O., S.P.Dom. 16/7, fol. 37.

^{page 215 note 2} Ibid., 239, fol. 61 iii; 237, fol. 27; 238, fol. 33.

^{page 215 note 3} Historical Manuscripts Commission, 14th report, Portland MSS., iii. 67; A new Plot against the Parliament, London 1641, 3.

^{page 215 note 4} L.J., iv. 369; The Papists Designe against the Parliament and Citie of London, discovered, London 1642.

^{page 215 note 5} P.R.O., S.P.Dom. 16/485, fol. 93; A Discovery of a bloody Treason against the Protestants of this Kingdome, London 1641

^{page 216 note 1} Ibid.; L.J., iv. 439.

^{page 216 note 2} Clarendon, op. cit., i. 327–8, 412.

^{page 216 note 3} R. Clifton, ‘The fear of Catholics in England, 1637 to 1645. Principally from central sources’ (University of Oxford D. Phil, thesis, unpublished, 1967), 97, 124, 328.

^{page 216 note 4} Clarendon, op. cit., i. 328.

^{page 216 note 5} V. Pearl, London and the outbreak of the Puritan Revolution, Oxford 1961,211; Clarendon, op. cit., i. 328; P.R.O., Baschet's transcripts, P.R.O. 31/3/72, fol. 340.

^{page 216 note 6} J. C. Jeaffreson (ed.), op. cit., iii. 73–4.

^{page 217 note 1} C.J., ii. 171; To the House of Peers: the Petition of the County of Southampton, London 1642.

^{page 217 note 2} C. J., ii. 579; L. J., v. 475.

^{page 217 note 3} Dircks, H., The Life, Times, and Scientific Labours of the Second Marquis of Worcester, London 1865, 54Google Scholar.

^{page 217 note 4} Chetham Society Publications, O.S., ii. 3–4.

^{page 217 note 5} Johnson, G. W. (ed.), The Fairfax correspondence: memoirs of the reign of Charles the First, London 1848, ii. 299Google Scholar.

^{page 218 note 1} C.J., ii. 951; To the King: the Petition of the inhabitants of the County of Yorke assembled by His Majesties summons at Heworth Moore, London 1642.

^{page 218 note 2} Clarendon, op. cit., ii. 467.

^{page 218 note 3} A Declaration of the Lords and Commons in answer to his Majestie's Declaration to all his loving subjects after his late victory. … 23rd October 1642, London 1642.

^{page 218 note 4} A True and Exact Relation of the proceedings of Marquesse Hartford, Lord Pawlet, Lord Seymor, Lord Coventry, Sir Ralph Hopton and other His Majesties Commissioners in the publishing of the Commission of Array in Somerset, London 1642.

^{page 218 note 5} P.R.O., S.P.Dom. 16/460, fol. 5.

^{page 218 note 6} L.J., iv. 446; V.C.H., Hampshire, v. 339.

^{page 219 note 1} Kingston, A., East Anglia and the Great Civil War, London 1897, 64–6Google Scholar; Peck, F., Desiderata Curiosa, London 1732, ii. Lib. xii, 23–4Google Scholar.

^{page 219 note 2} ‘Diary of John Rous’, Camden Society, O.S., lxvi. 122.

^{page 219 note 3} K. J. Lindley, “The part played by the Catholics in the English Civil War’ (University of Manchester, Ph.D. thesis, unpublished, 1968), passim.

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The Lay Catholics of England in the reign of Charles I

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