Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-gvh9x Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-20T20:43:52.936Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Investment Banking and Analyst Objectivity: Evidence from Analysts Affiliated with Mergers and Acquisitions Advisors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Abstract

We find evidence that conflicts of interest arising from mergers and acquisitions (M&A) relations influence analysts' recommendations, corroborating regulators' and practitioners' suspicions in a setting, i.e., M&A relations, not previously examined in research on analyst conflicts. In addition, the M&A context allows us to disentangle the conflict of interest effect from selection bias. We find that analysts affiliated with acquirer advisors upgrade acquirer stocks around M&A deals, even around all-cash deals, in which selection bias is unlikely. Also consistent with conflict of interest but not selection bias, target-affiliated analysts publish optimistic reports about acquirers after, but not before, the exchange ratio of an all-stock deal is set.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Business Administration, University of Washington 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agrawal, A., and Chen, M.. “Analyst Conflicts and Research Quality.” Working Paper, University of Alabama (2004).Google Scholar
Agrawal, A., and Chen, M.. “Do Analyst Conflicts Matter? Evidence from Stock Recommendations.” Working Paper, University of Maryland (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Associated Press. “Chronology of the Merrill Lynch Probe.” The Associated Press, 05 21, 2002.Google Scholar
Baker, M., and Wurgler, J.. “Market Timing and Capital Structure.” Journal of Finance, 57 (2002), 132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barber, B.; Lehavy, R.; and Trueman, B.. “Comparing the Stock Recommendation Performance of Investment Banks and Independent Research Firms.” Journal of Financial Economics, 85 (2007), 490517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bartov, E.; Givoly, D.; and Hayn, C.. “The Rewards to Meeting or Beating Earnings Expectations.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33 (2002), 173204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradshaw, M.; Richardson, S.; and Sloan, R. G.. “Pump and Dump: An Empirical Analysis of the Relation Between Corporate Financing Activities and Sell-Side Analyst Research.” Working Paper, University of Michigan Business School (2003).Google Scholar
Cowen, A.; Groysberg, B.; and Healy, P. M.. “What Types of Analyst Firms Are More Optimistic?Journal of Accounting and Economics, 41 (2006), 119146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dechow, P. M.; Hutton, A. P.; and Sloan, R. G.. “The Relation Between Analysts' Forecasts of Long-Term Earnings Growth and Stock Performance Following Equity Offerings.” Contemporary Accounting Research, 17 (2000), 132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dugar, A., and Nathan, S.. “The Effect of Investment Banking Relationships on Financial Analysts' Earnings Forecasts and Investment Recommendations.” Contemporary Accounting Research 12, (1995), 131160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goff, J. “Wall? What Chinese Wall?” CFO.com (04 22, 2002).Google Scholar
Hong, H.; Kubik, J.; and Solomon, A.. “Security Analysts' Career Concerns and Herding of Earnings Forecasts.” Rand Journal of Economics, 31 (2000), 121144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iskoz, S.Relative Performance and Institutional Reaction of Underwriter Analyst Recommendations.” Working Paper, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2002).Google Scholar
Kasznik, R., and McNichols, M. F.. “Does Meeting Earnings Expectations Matter? Evidence from Analyst Forecast Revisions and Share Prices.” Journal of Accounting Research, 40 (2002), 727759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, H., and McNichols, M. F.. “Underwriting Relationships, Analysts' Earnings Forecasts and Investment Recommendations.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 25 (1998), 101127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ljungqvist, A.; Marston, F.; and Wilhelm, W. J.. “Scaling the Hierarchy: How and Why Investment Banks Compete for Syndicate Co-Management Appointments.” Working Paper, New York University (2005).Google Scholar
Ljungqvist, A.; Marston, F.; and Wilhelm, W. J.. “Competing for Securities Underwriting Mandates: Banking Relationships and Analyst Recommendations.” Journal of Finance, 60 (2006), 301340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malmendier, U., and Shanthikumar, D.. “Do Securities Analysts Speak in Two Tongues?” Working Paper, Stanford University (2004).Google Scholar
Malmendier, U., and Shanthikumar, D.. “Are Small Investors Naive about Incentives?Journal of Financial Economics, 85 (2007), 457489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michaely, R., and Womack, K.. “Conflict of Interest and the Credibility of Underwriter Analyst Recommendation.” Review of Financial Studies, 12 (1999), 653686.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mikhail, M. B.; Walther, B. R.; and Willis, R. H.. “When Security Analysts Talk Who Listens?” Working Paper, Vanderbilt University (2005).Google Scholar
Mitchell, M.; Pulvino, T.; and Stafford, E.. “Price Pressure Around Mergers.” Working Paper, Northwestern University (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NASD and NYSE. “Joint Report by NASD and the NYSE on the Operation and Effectiveness of Research Analyst Conflict of Interest Rules.” http://www.nasd.com/web/groups/rules regs/documents/rules_regs/nasdw015803.pdf (2005), accessed on 06 23, 2006.Google Scholar
O'Brien, P.; McNichols, M. F.; and Lin, H.. “Analyst Impartiality and Investment Banking Relationships.” Journal of Accounting Research, 43 (2005), 623650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reingold, D., and Reingold, J.. Confessions of a Wall Street Analyst. New York: Harper-Collins (2006).Google Scholar
Scharfstein, D., and Stein, J.. “Herd Behavior and Investment.” American Economic Review, 80 (1990), 465479.Google Scholar
Spitzer, E. “Spitzer, Merrill Lynch Reach Unprecedented Agreement to Reform Investment Practices.” www.oag.state.ny.us/media center/2002/may/may21a_02.html (2002), accessed on 06 23, 2006.Google Scholar
Spitzer, E. “Conflict Probes Resolved at Citigroup and Morgan Stanley.” http://www.oag.state.ny.us/media center/2003/apr/global_resolution.html (2003), accessed on 06 23, 2006.Google Scholar
Trueman, B.Analyst Forecasts and Herding Behavior.” Review of Financial Studies, 7 (1994), 97124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welch, I.Herding Among Securities Analysts.” Journal of Financial Economics, 58 (2000), 369396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Womack, K.Do Brokerage Analysts' Recommendations Have Investment Value?Journal of Finance, 51 (1996), 137167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar