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Evaporation from a cylindrical cavity: effect of gravity on the vapour cloud

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2024

Senthil Kumar Parimalanathan Open the ORCID record for Senthil Kumar Parimalanathan [Opens in a new window] ,
Sam Dehaeck Open the ORCID record for Sam Dehaeck [Opens in a new window] ,
Metin Hatipogullari ,
Alexey Y. Rednikov Open the ORCID record for Alexey Y. Rednikov [Opens in a new window] ,
Hatim Machrafi Open the ORCID record for Hatim Machrafi [Opens in a new window]  and
Pierre Colinet Open the ORCID record for Pierre Colinet [Opens in a new window]
Senthil Kumar Parimalanathan
Affiliation:
TIPs Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/67, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Sam Dehaeck
Affiliation:
TIPs Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/67, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Metin Hatipogullari
Affiliation:
TIPs Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/67, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Alexey Y. Rednikov*
Affiliation:
TIPs Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/67, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Hatim Machrafi
Affiliation:
Institut de Physique, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
Pierre Colinet
Affiliation:
TIPs Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/67, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
*
†Email address for correspondence: alexey.rednikov@ulb.be
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Abstract

We examine the vapour cloud of a pure liquid evaporating from a millimetric cylindrical well/cavity/aperture. This is accomplished by injecting the liquid up a vertical pipe towards its outlet onto a horizontal substrate. The injection is halted before the liquid surpasses the substrate level. The resulting final state is a meniscus at or near the pipe's end. The analysis is realised by vapour interferometry (side view over the substrate) closely intertwined with simulations (including Stefan flow), which also help to fill up certain gaps in the measurements and provide computed evaporation rates. Comparison with experiment is facilitated by converting the computed vapour clouds into interferometric images, especially helpful when an inverse (Abel-type) conversion is difficult. Experiments are conducted in both microgravity (via parabolic flights) and ground conditions, thus enabling direct assessment of the role of gravity. The contrast is accentuated by a working liquid with heavy vapour (refrigerant HFE-7100), when instead of being flattened on ground the vapour cloud assumes a roughly hemispherical shape in microgravity. Furthermore, a non-trivial vapour-cloud response to the flight ${\rm g}$-jitter (residual gravity oscillations) is unveiled, ${\rm g}$-jitter vibrations posing a challenge for interferometry itself. A number of undesired but curious side issues are revealed. One concerns vapour formed deep inside the pipe during rapid injection and subsequently ejected into the field of view, which is detected experimentally and quantified in terms of vapour Taylor dispersion in the pipe. Others are an injection volume anomaly and parasitic postinjection specifically observed in microgravity conditions.

JFM classification

Mass Transport: Coupled diffusion and flow Phase change: Condensation/evaporation Wakes/Jets: Buoyant jets
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 982 , 10 March 2024 , A26
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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