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Converging three-dimensional Stokes flow of two fluids in a T-type bifurcation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

Joseph Ong ,
Giora Enden  and
Aleksander S. Popel
Joseph Ong
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
Giora Enden
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
Aleksander S. Popel
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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Abstract

Studies of three-dimensional Stokes flow of two Newtonian fluids that converge in a T-type bifurcation have important applications in polymer coextrusion, blood flow through the venous microcirculation, and other problems of science and technology. This flow problem is simulated numerically by means of the finite element method, and the solution demonstrates that the viscosity ratio between the two fluids critically affects flow behaviour. For the parameters investigated, we find that as the viscosity ratio between the side branch and the main branch increases, the interface between the merging fluids bulges away from the side branch. The viscosity ratio also affects the velocity distribution: at the outlet branch, the largest radial gradients of axial velocity appear in the less-viscous fluid. The distribution of wall shear stress is non-axisymmetric in the outlet branch and may be discontinuous at the interface between the fluids.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 270 , 10 July 1994 , pp. 51 - 72
Copyright
© 1994 Cambridge University Press

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