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Experimental study and modelling of unsteady aerodynamic forces and moment on flat plate in high amplitude pitch ramp motion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 May 2018

Yuelong Yu ,
Xavier Amandolese Open the ORCID record for Xavier Amandolese [Opens in a new window] ,
Chengwei Fan  and
Yingzheng Liu
Yuelong Yu
Affiliation:
Gas Turbine Research Institute/School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
Xavier Amandolese*
Affiliation:
LadHyX, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, F-75141 Paris, France
Chengwei Fan
Affiliation:
LadHyX, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
Yingzheng Liu
Affiliation:
Gas Turbine Research Institute/School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: xavier.amandolese@ladhyx.polytechnique.fr
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Abstract

This paper examines the unsteady lift, drag and moment coefficients experienced by a thin airfoil in high-amplitude pitch ramp motion. Experiments have been carried out in a wind tunnel at moderate Reynolds number ( $Re\approx 1.45\times 10^{4}$ ), using a rigid flat-plate model. Forces and moments have been measured for reduced pitch rates ranging from 0.01 to 0.18, four maximum pitch angles ( $30^{\circ },45^{\circ },60^{\circ },90^{\circ }$ ) and different pivot axis locations between the leading and the trailing edge. Results confirm that for reduced pitch rates lower than 0.03, the unsteady aerodynamics is limited to a stall delay effect. For higher pitch rates, the unsteady response is dominated by a buildup of the circulation, which increases with the pitch rate and the absolute distance between the pivot axis and the $3/4$ -chord location. This circulatory effect induces an overshoot in the normal force and moment coefficients, which is slightly reduced for a flat plate with a finite aspect ratio close to 8 in comparison with the two-dimensional configuration. A new time-dependent model has been tested for both the normal force and moment coefficients. It is mainly based on the superposition of step responses, using the Wagner function and a time-varying input that accounts for the nonlinear variation of the steady aerodynamics, the pivot point location and an additional circulation which depends on the pitch rate. When compared with experiments, it gives satisfactory results for $0^{\circ }$ to $90^{\circ }$ pitch ramp motion and captures the main effect of reduced pitch rate and pivot point location.

JFM classification

Aerodynamics: Aerodynamics Biological Fluid Dynamics: Swimming/flying
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 846 , 10 July 2018 , pp. 82 - 120
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Copyright
© 2018 Cambridge University Press 

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